closely related aliphatic amines by color change is unusual, and to the best of our knowledge only a very recent example has been reported using molecularly imprinted polymers.[4a]The ideas reported here open the possibility of developing a new generation of tailor-made selective sensing systems built by fine control of the properties of both the molecular receptor and the solid. In particular, the anchoring of molecular reporters onto suitable siliceous mesoporous supports can be a promising tuning tool for selectivity enhancement which might, in principle, be applied to the design of new chemosensors for a broad range of target species. Rev. 2003, 204, 191. [3] Some very recent chromoreactands for amines have been described, for instance, based on (trifluoroacetyl)azobenzene dyes and pyrylium cyanine dyes. a) G.

A peak appearing at the L(2,3) X-ray absorption edge often provides the number of empty d states of the X-ray absorbing atoms. Ag(+) compounds have a d(10) state (no d empty states) but show a small peak at the edge. In this research, we systematically studied the edge peak of Ag(+) compounds to understand its origin on the basis of the molecular orbital picture and to obtain a relation of the edge peak intensity to chemical and physical quantities. The edge peak can be formally assigned to the transition from 2p to 5s enhanced by the s-d hybridization. The peak intensity has a negative correlation with a coordination charge but has a positive correlation with the strength of the covalent bond, which is in the reverse order to the other d(n) (n < 10) elements.

A charge‐transfer complex of 2,5‐dimethyl‐N,N′‐dicyanoquinonediimine (DM) with silver (crystalline Ag(DM)2, defined as α) is irreversibly transformed by UV‐vis illumination. Depending on the illumination conditions, three new types of solids (defined as γ, δ, and ϵ) with different structural and physical properties are obtained and examined by a variety of analytical techniques, including solid‐state, high‐resolution, cross‐polarization magic angle spinning (CP‐MAS) 13C NMR, elemental analysis (EA), mass spectrometry (MS), X‐ray absorption fine structure (XAFS), and powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The CP‐MAS, EA, MS, and XAFS results indicate that compound γ is a glass state of Ag(DM)2. The transformation from crystalline (α) to amorphous (γ) solid Ag(DM)2 is an irreversible exothermic glass transition (glass‐transition temperature 155.2 °C; ΔH = –126.8 kJ mol–1), which implies that the glass form is thermodynamically more stable than the crystalline form. Compound δ (Ag(DM)1.5) consists of silver nanoparticles (diameter (7 ± 2) nm ) dispersed in a glassy matrix of neutral DM molecules. The N–CN–Ag coordination bonds of the α form are not maintained in the δ form. Decomposition of α by intense illumination results in a white solid (ϵ), identified as being composed of silver nanoparticles (diameter (60 ± 10) nm). Physical and spectroscopic (XAFS) measurements, together with XRD analysis, indicate that the silver nanoparticles in both δ and ϵ are crystalline with lattice parameters similar to bulk silver; however, the magnetic susceptibilities differ from bulk silver.

Compatibility between the plasma and low activation ferritic steel, which is a candidate material for fusion demonstration reactors, has been investigated step by step in the JFT-2M tokamak. We have entered the third stage of the Advanced Material Tokamak EXperiment (AMTEX), where the inside of the vacuum vessel wall is completely covered with ferritic steel plates ferritic inside wall (FIW). The effects of a FIW on the plasma production, impurity release, the operation region, and H-mode characteristics have been investigated. No negative effect has been observed up to now. A high normalized beta plasma of β N ∼ 3, having both an internal transport barrier and a steady H-mode edge was obtained. A remarkable reduction in ripple trapped loss from 0.26 MW m −2 (without ferritic steel) to less than 0.01 MW m −2 was demonstrated by the optimization of the thickness profile of FIW. A code to calculate fast ion losses, taking into account the full three-dimensional magnetic structure was developed, and values obtained using the code showed good agreement with experimental results. Thus, encouraging results are obtained for the use of this material in the demo-reactor.

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