Recent achievement of research on soil-structure interaction (SSI) is reviewed, with a main focus on the numerical analysis. The review is based on the continuum mechanics theory and the use of high-performance computing (HPC) and clarifies the characteristics of a wide range of treatment of SSI from a simplified model to a high fidelity model. Emphasized is that all the treatment can be regarded as the result of the mathematical approximations in solving a physical continuum mechanics problem of a soil-structure system. The use of HPC is inevitable if we need to obtain a solution of higher accuracy and finer resolution. An example of using HPC for the analysis of SSI is presented.
In this paper, a new vibration control device realizing negative stiffness in a passive manner is proposed in order to reduce the absolute response of structures under strong seismic motions. The developed device consists of a sliding plate with a PTFE portion, and they are vertically pressurized by coil springs. The shape of the sliding plate is convex, by which the control force is negatively proportional to the deformation. The prototype of the proposed device was assembled, and its performance was investigated through both sinusoidal and hybrid loading tests. It was confirmed that the proposed device reduced the maximum acceleration of the structure significantly without any significant increase in absolute displacement.
A parallel finite element method (FEM) based on high-fidelity models for solving diverse earthquake engineering problems is presented. Its key feature is a parallel solver that is tuned to solve large-scale wave equations. Tensorial material constitutive relations of concrete and soil and sophisticated nonlinear joint elements are implemented to broaden the applicability of the parallel FEM. The performance of the proposed parallel FEM is demonstrated for three examples; namely, seismic response, liquefaction, and surface earthquake fault analyses. A high-fidelity model was constructed for each analysis, and the numerical results were validated against observed data. The performance of the proposed parallel FEM approach was evaluated in terms of the resolution of the simulated results.Ensemble computing based on approximately a hundred high-fidelity models is useful for cases where there are considerable uncertainties regarding the material properties.
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