A series of linear-type Co(III)Pt(II)Co(III) trinuclear complexes composed of C(2)-cis(S)-[Co(aet)(2)(en)](+) (aet = 2-aminoethanethiolate) and/or Lambda(D)-trans(N)-[Co(D-pen-N,O,S)(2)](-) (D-pen = D-penicillaminate) were newly prepared, and their chiral behavior, which is markedly different from that of the corresponding Co(III)Pd(II)Co(III) complexes, is reported. The 1:1 reaction of an S-bridged Co(III)Ni(II)Co(III) trinuclear complex, [Ni[Co(aet)(2)(en)](2)]Cl(4), with K(2)[PtCl(4)] in water gave an S-bridged Co(III)Pt(II)Co(III) trinuclear complex, [Pt[Co(aet)(2)(en)](2)]Cl(4) ([1]Cl(4)), while the corresponding 1:2 reaction produced an S-bridged Co(III)Pt(II) dinuclear complex, [PtCl(2)[Co(aet)(2)(en)]]Cl ([2]Cl). Complex [1](4+) formed both racemic (DeltaDelta/LambdaLambda) and meso (DeltaLambda) forms, which were separated and optically resolved by cation-exchange column chromatography. An optically active S-bridged Co(III)Pt(II)Co(III) trinuclear complex having the pseudo LambdaLambda configuration, Lambda(D)Lambda(D)-[Pt[Co(D-pen-N,O,S)(2)](2)](0) (Lambda(D)Lambda(D)-[3]), was also prepared by reacting Lambda(D)-trans(N)-K[Co(D-pen-N,O,S)(2)] with K(2)[PtCl(4)] in a ratio of 2:1 in water. Treatment of the racemic Delta/Lambda-[2]Cl with Lambda(D)-trans(N)-K[Co(D-pen-N,O,S)(2)] in a ratio of 1:1 in water led to the formation of LambdaLambda(D)- and DeltaLambda(D)-[Pt[Co(aet)(2)(en)][Co(D-pen-N,O,S)(2)]](2+) (LambdaLambda(D)- and DeltaLambda(D)-[4](2+)) and DeltaDelta(D)-[Pt[Co(aet)(2)(en)][Co(D-pen-N,S)(2)(H(2)O)(2)]](2+) (DeltaDelta(D)-[4'](2+)), besides trace amounts of Lambda(D)Lambda(D)-[3] and DeltaDelta- and DeltaLambda-[1](4+). These Co(III)Pt(II)Co(III) complexes were characterized on the basis of electronic absorption, CD, and NMR spectra, along with single-crystal X-ray analyses for DeltaDelta/LambdaLambda-[1]Cl(4), DeltaLambda-[1]Cl(4), and DeltaLambda(D)-[4]Cl(2). Crystal data: DeltaDelta/LambdaLambda-[1]Cl(4).6H(2)O, monoclinic, space group C2/c with a = 14.983(3) A, b = 19.857(4) A, c = 12.949(3) A, beta = 113.51(2) degrees, V = 3532(1) A(3), Z = 4; DeltaLambda-[1]Cl(4).3H(2)O, orthorhombic, space group Pbca with a = 14.872(3) A, b = 14.533(3) A, c = 14.347(2) A, V = 3100(1) A(3), Z = 4; DeltaLambda(D)-[4]Cl(2).6H(2)O, monoclinic, space group P2(1) with a = 7.3836(2) A, b = 20.214(1) A, c = 10.622(2) A, beta = 91.45(1) degrees V = 1682.0(4) A(3), Z = 2.

No abstract

No abstract

: This paper describes results of an exploratory study to investigate the capability of a passive approach for controlling the characteristic spanwise length of Görtler vortices generated in hypersonic flows: a serrated leading edge. Heat transfer, pressure measurements, encapsulated thermochromic liquid crystal, schlieren and glow spark visualizations were conducted with a flat plate/ramp model whose leading edge had a triangular wave shape in a gun tunnel at Mach number 10. Effect of wavelength Λ of the triangular waves on downstream flows was studied. Aerodynamic heating patterns observed with the liquid crystal confirmed that the vortex wavelength was equal to Λ. This was also supported by the spark results that filamentary bright lines perpendicular to an installed line-anode parallel to the spanwise direction at the ramp surface emerged at intervals of Λ. Phase lag was observed only between heat transfer data measured in the spanwise direction, which suggests that the vortex structure existed in the reattaching boundary layers. Pressure distribution in the streamwise direction was similar among all of the Λ tested. In contrast, the heat transfer data points exhibited a large scatter and the peak heating value for the finite Λ was somewhat larger than that for the infinite Λ. Schlieren results indicated that the appropriate Λ can mitigate flow separation.

:The purpose of the study is to investigate the relevance between the shape of a separated region and phenomena such as transition to turbulence and unsteadiness in hypersonic ramp-induced shock-wave/boundary-layer interaction on the assumption that the latter are influenced by the former. Parametric dependence of the shape based on comparisons between an analytical model and experiments is presented. It is found that the transition threshold value of the flow incidence angle with a ramp surface is reduced as both Reynolds numbers Rex s and Re l increase, where xs and l denote the distance from the leading edge of a flat plate to that of upstream influence and the length of a separated boundary layer, respectively. High speed schlieren images show that the minimum ramp angle at which flowfield unsteadiness is noticed depends on the deviation from the analytical model in shape of a separated region, being slightly larger than the ramp angle where the deviation occurs. It is also shown that the spatial scale of the unsteadiness increases along with an increase in the deviation.