Objective: The study was conducted to assess the relationship between hyperlipidemia and periodontal inflammation among patients of hypothyroidism Method: Current study was analytical crossectional in nature. Data was collected from 479 patients coming to the dental section OPD of a tertiary care hospital in Lahore. Patients with periodontitis and had hypothyroidism were taken as participants of study. Periodontitis was assessed by clinical examination. Gender and age was taken as demographic variables. Frequencies and percentages were calculated. Chi-square was used to assed. Results: The results of chi-square revealed that there is a significant difference between the levels of cholesterol and occurrence of periodontitis (X2=25.09, P=.001). Participants with normal level of cholesterol and have periodontitis were 65(13.57%), with level of cholesterol at borderline and have periodontitis were 135(28.18%) and participants with high level of cholesterol and have periodontitis were 279(58.25%). Conclusion: Cholesterol levels affect periodontal health in hypothyroidism patients. Keywords: Hyperlipidemia, Periodontitis, Hypothyroidism, Cholesterol
A lot of research has been conducted about using new media in learning and teaching. However, this study takes into account and sheds light on the attitudes of EFL students regarding the usage of new mediums for English language learning and teaching during COVID-19. This study explores the advantages and challenges of using new media during online classes for the English language. The data of this study is collected through 5 EFL students' interviews and from questionnaires which were distributed among250 EFL students. The findings of this study reveal positive attitudes of EFL students towards the integration of technology for ELL and ELT in the COVID-19 context. In addition, this study also shows a few students' suggestions about the usage of new media that would be very effective for Teachers' teaching styles as well as students' learning points of view.
The primary purpose of this study is to reveal the feeding preferences of Odontotermes obesus termites on different commercial timbers along with the evaluation of different timbers and their resistance and nonresistance behavior under lab and field conditions at 100 0C. There were six wood species which were evaluated regarding attack and damage which include Abies pindrow (partal), Cedrus deodara (diar), Acacia arabica (keekar), Dalbergia sisso (tali), Mangifera indica (mango), Pinus roxburghii (palwadar). Two weeks' laboratory and 3 months of field trials were performed with suitable conditions. The samples of every six wood species were prepared and exposed to different species of termites by burying them in the active nests of termites. This practical was performed at Wagah border 30 km away from Lahore. After this time, the factors which were to be noted were wood mass loss and visual appearance of each sample. This also includes a choice and no choice feeding test. This trial is made to evaluate the nonresistance of wood to termite attack. After Trials have been made, it has been noted that the most palatable wood is A. pindrow and the nonresistant wood is C. deodara.
Objective: This study provides evidence of the willingness among dental auxiliaries to vaccine acceptance. The data will help in awareness and control of spread of COVID-19. Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted from February 2021 to April 2021. The sample size was kept at 385, with 95 % confidence and 5% margin of error, out of which 340 responded. The sample population was selected via convenience sampling technique. Dental auxiliaries practicing within Pakistan for more than two years within an age range of 20 to 64, were included in the study. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the questionnaire's responses, with the results being presented as frequencies and percentages and level of significance was set at P ≤ 0.05. Results: 340 dental auxiliaries participated in the study. 62.4% were in age range 18-34 years. 72.6% were males and 27.4% females.90% participants were educated till grade 11 or above. 66.2% participants were not willing to get vaccinated and 5.3% were not sure if they want it or not. Participants of older age groups were more hesitant in receiving vaccine. Conclusion: The findings of this research show high hesitancy rates for receiving COVID-19 vaccine among dental auxiliaries in Pakistan. Efforts should be made to educate people on scientific evidence basis and social media sites spreading misinformation should be banned. Keywords: COVID-19, Vaccine, Willingness, Hesitancy, Dental Auxiliaries, Dental assistants
Objective: The study aimed to explore the association of parental education with frequency of dental caries in mal-occluded teeth among 3- 11 years old children Method: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at Dental hospital of Institute of dentistry of a tertiary care hospital of Lahore. Data was collected from 250 patients having dental caries with mal-occluded teeth using purposive sampling technique. For data analysis SPSS version 25.0 was used. For gender and educational categories, frequency and percentages were calculated whereas to explore the impact of parental education on the occurrence of dental caries among children of 3-11years with dental malocclusion, chi-square was used. Result: Results of chi-square revealed that parental education has a significant impact on dental caries occurrence among children having maloccluded teeth (P=0.037). 30(71.43%) children with maloccluded teeth has dental caries parents of whom were having post-graduation degree. 68(66.67%) children with maloccluded teeth has dental caries parents of whom were having graduation degree. 28(70%) children with maloccluded teeth has dental caries parents of whom were diploma holders. 6(50%) of children with maloccluded teeth has dental caries parents of whom were having high school education. Only 37(75%) children with maloccluded teeth has dental caries whose parents had education till middle school. 1(11.11%) children with maloccluded teeth has dental caries whose parents had education till primary school whereas 10(100%) children with maloccluded teeth has dental caries whose parents were illiterate. Conclusion: Oral health of children needs additional attention by introducing more programs dealing with oral health preventive measures which will be helpful in reducing the prevalence of dental caries. Keywords: Dental caries, Malocclusion, School children, Parental education
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