The worldwide, extraordinary outbreak of coronavirus pandemic (i.e., COVID-19) and other emerging viral expansions have drawn particular interest to the design and development of novel antiviral, and viricidal, agents, with a broad-spectrum of antiviral activity. The current indispensable challenge lies in the development of universal virus repudiation systems that are reusable, and capable of inactivating pathogens, thus reducing risk of infection and transmission. In this review, science-based methods, mechanisms, and procedures, which are implemented in obtaining resultant antiviral coated substrates, used in the destruction of the strains of the different viruses, are reviewed. The constituent antiviral members are classified into a few broad groups, such as polymeric materials, metal ions/metal oxides, and functional nanomaterials, based on the type of materials used at the virus contamination sites. The action mode against enveloped viruses was depicted to vindicate the antiviral mechanism. We also disclose hypothesized strategies for development of a universal and reusable virus deactivation system against the emerging COVID-19. In the surge of the current, alarming scenario of SARS-CoV-2 infections, there is a great necessity for developing highly-innovative antiviral agents to work against the viruses. We hypothesize that some of the antiviral coatings discussed here could exert an inhibitive effect on COVID-19, indicated by the results that the coatings succeeded in obtaining against other enveloped viruses. Consequently, the coatings need to be tested and authenticated, to fabricate a wide range of coated antiviral products such as masks, gowns, surgical drapes, textiles, high-touch surfaces, and other personal protective equipment, aimed at extrication from the COVID-19 pandemic.

There are more than 2 million bone grafting procedures performed annually in US alone. Despite significant efforts, the repair of large segmental bone defects is a substantial clinical challenge which...

Overall schematic representation of the synthesis, characterization and proangiogenic activity of functionalized nanoceria.

Electrocured tissue adhesives offer a new route towards addressing unmet surgical challenges in tissue fixation. We have recently developed an electrocuring adhesive (aka Voltaglue) by grafting carbene precursors on polyamidoamine (PAMAM) G5 dendrimers. The cationic adhesive can be cured through low-voltage activation and exhibits voltage and time dependent crosslinking, allowing some control over material and adhesive properties. Herein, we have evaluated the platelet adhesion and activation of the bioadhesives electrocured with applied voltages of 5V and 10V. The electrocured bioadhesives exhibited platelet resistant properties that was dependent on voltage magnitude.