The use of metals and their alloys in restorative and implant dentistry dates back to centuries. Titanium (Ti) is one of the most widely used biomaterial for medical implants because of its excellent mechanical properties and exceptional biocompatibility. The good biocompatibility of Ti is related to the thin oxide layer formed on Ti surface. TiO 2 is inactive with the surrounding biological environment and quite compatible with living tissues. However, TiO 2 layer can be destroyed during movements between implant and bone tissue under loading condition. The localized destruction causes corrosion of the implant, thus, weakening it; and can induce the leak of small metallic particles or ions into living tissues. This article highlights a review of the various aspects of corrosion and biocompatibility of dental titanium implants as well as suprastructures, and the methods to prevent it.
Provider response in making treatment changes after an episode of hypoglycemia is suboptimal. Standardized protocols to make changes in diabetes treatment after an episode of hypoglycemia need to be tested.
Extraction of the first molar or premolar is the commonest cause of oro-antral fistula. Management involves identification of the same, removal of any foreign body from the maxillary sinus, if present, followed by appropriate flap for closer. A case is presented when a gutta percha (GP) point was accidentally dislodged into the right maxillary sinus during preliminary diagnosis of the oro-antral fistula. The surgical management of the case is described and is the appropriate treatment plan.
Background: Submental flap is an axial pattern, myo-cutaneous flap based on submental artery (branch of facial artery). We have used this novel flap for reconstruction of the intra-oral, as well of the lower and mid face defects created after resection of certain intra-oral malignancies. Materials and Methods: This study included 15 patients and done over a period of 3 years. Cases were operated by a team of surgical oncologists using the same technique and under 2.5 x magnifications (loupe). Any nodes in the region were carefully dissected and sent for frozen section for intra-operative verification of presence or absence of microscopic tumor deposits. Evaluation had been done based on the clinical and pathological staging, nodal status as well as the patient outcome. Results: Out of the 15 patients who underwent reconstruction with submental flap, one patient developed total flap loss, whereas one patient had partial flap necrosis. The remaining 13 patients showed decent clinical outcome and the flap uptake was good. In the follow up period of 2 years, two patients developed regional recurrence (none in the flap donor or recipient sites) and 2 developed distant metastasis. Conclusion: Submental flap is an excellent flap for reconstruction of small to medium size defects for intra-oral as well as lower and mid face. It is useful in medically compromised conditions, old age or low socio-economic status of the patient as these factors preclude the use of a free flap. It is oncologically safe for reconstruction and in the absence of clinical or radiological evidence of nodal disease in sub-mental region and may be considered for reconstruction in N0 as well as N1 patients.
Context: Hypercalcemia has been reported upto 4.2% to 25% of patients who have malignancy related to head and neck cancer. In Health and Diseases, alkaline phosphatase refers to the activity of serum liver and bone alkaline phosphatases that has been widely applied in routine diagnosis
Aim- The aim of this study is to find an association of serum level of Akaline Phosphatse and Calcium in Osteolytic Lesions of Mandible and Maxilla. To compare and evaluate the level of Serum Calcium and Serum Alkaline Phosphatase in Osteolytic Lesions of Maxilla and Mandible. Settings and Design:Atotal of 20 participants (10 benign patients and 10 malignant lesions) were included in the study. Materials and Methods: Fasting blood ALP activity was evaluated using ALP assessment kit and biochemistry analyzer. Statistical Analysis Used: The data were analyzed by SPSS-21 software (SPSS Statistics software).
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