A short duration of 100-ns pulsed power has been used to remove nitric oxide (NO) in a mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor, and NO, simulating flue gases from a power station. The effects of the gas flow rate, the reactor length, and the pulse repetition rate on the percentage of NO removal and its energy efficiency are reported. The percentage of NO removal at a fixed gas flow rate increased with increasing pulse repetition rate due to the increased energy into the discharge. At a fixed pulse rate, the removal of NO increased with decreasing gas flow rate due to the increased residence time of the gas in the discharge reactor, thus facilitating the creation of increased radicals of O and N which then decreased NO. The energy removal efficiency of NO (in mol/kWh) decreased with increasing gas flow rate and increasing removal ratio of NO. The removal of NO increased with increasing energy density (J/l) input into the discharge at different reactor length.
An investigation was carried out on the mechanism of crack initiation on a mandrel bar used for the mandrel mill operation in seamless tube manufacturing. Close observations of the mandrel bar surface suggested that crack initiation may be induced by a thermal shock. In order to check the validity of this hypothesis, laboratory tests mainly based on cyclic temperature treatment were then carried out in a laboratory and a method was proposed to improve the mandrel bar life. After the estimation of the temperature on the mandrel bar surface both by numerical analysis during rolling and stripping and by an experimental approach during the stripping operation, an acceleration test using a corrugated mandrel bar was carried out on the mandrel mill to verify the validity of the proposed method (to improve the mandrel bar life).
Non-thermal plasma has been used to remove nitric monoxide (NO) in a mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, and water vapor simulating the flue gases from a power station stack. Ammonia has been known to be useful for high efficiency removal of NOx. The effects of the ammonia and ammonium nitrate were studied. The addition of NH3 to the exhaust gas was effective. The ammonium nitrate has an effect to decrease NO2 in gas mixture.
pulsed streamer discharges have been extensively used in many applications such as control of NO. and SO. fiom flue gases, treatment of dioxins, removal of VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds) and to generate ozone in some ozonizers. A high-energy efficiency operation is necessary for practical applications. Knowledge of the mechanism of streamer discharge propagation is important for the endeavor currently going on worldwide to improve the effectiveness of pulsed discharge systems.In the present work a coaxial cylindrical electrodes system was used. The central electrode was made of stainless steel and had a diameter of 0.5 mm and the outer electrode was made of copper and had an inner diamem of 76 mm and a length of IO mm. A short length was necessary in order to observe the streamers clearly. A positive pulsed voltage of 67kV and 200 ns width was applied to the central electrode from a Blumlem generator.Ten photographs were taken with a frame period of 15 ns and exposure of 15 ns. It has been found that the streamer started fiom the inner electrode and reached the outer electrode in a b u t 80 ns. This leads to an average propagation velocity of the streamers of 4.7 XIO' d s .
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