Nitric monoxide (NO) is widely used in medical treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The production of NO is of interest to the medical community. In the present work, NO is generated by pulsed discharges between two rod electrodes in a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen. An arc discharge having a temperature of about 10 000K was produced, which was sufficient to generate NO. Some of the important parameters affecting the production of NO have been investigated. These include the percentage of O 2 (6-94%) in the mixture of N 2 and O 2 , the energy of the discharge (0.5-12 J/pulse), the pulse repetition rate (0.5-4.5 pps) and the flow rate (1.35-5.4 l/min) of the gas mixture. NO 2 produced in the discharge was successfully changed to NO using a heated molybdenum tube. NO 2 must be extracted from the gas before clinical inhalation. The concentration of ozone was completely eliminated by bubbling the gas mixture through water. A maximum of NO and a minimum of NO 2 concentrations were generated when the proportion of O 2 in the gas mixture was in the range of 20-27%. The concentrations of NO and NO 2 increased with increasing pulse repetition rate and with decreasing flow rate of the mixture. In all cases, NO 2 was effectively removed using a heated molybdenum tube.Index Terms-Acute respiratory distress syndrome, medical application, nitric monoxide, pulsed arc discharge.. Manuscript
A short duration of 100-ns pulsed power has been used to remove nitric oxide (NO) in a mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor, and NO, simulating flue gases from a power station. The effects of the gas flow rate, the reactor length, and the pulse repetition rate on the percentage of NO removal and its energy efficiency are reported. The percentage of NO removal at a fixed gas flow rate increased with increasing pulse repetition rate due to the increased energy into the discharge. At a fixed pulse rate, the removal of NO increased with decreasing gas flow rate due to the increased residence time of the gas in the discharge reactor, thus facilitating the creation of increased radicals of O and N which then decreased NO. The energy removal efficiency of NO (in mol/kWh) decreased with increasing gas flow rate and increasing removal ratio of NO. The removal of NO increased with increasing energy density (J/l) input into the discharge at different reactor length.
Nitric oxide (NO) is increasingly being used in medical treatments of high blood pressure, acute respiratory distress syndrome and other illnesses related to the lungs. Currently a NO inhalation system consists of a gas cylinder of N2 mixed with a high concentration of NO. This arrangement is potentially risky due to the possibility of an accidental leak of NO from the cylinder. The presence of NO in the air leads to the formation of nitric dioxide (NO2), which is toxic to the lungs. Therefore, an on-site generator of NO would be highly desirable for medical doctors to use with patients with lung disease.To develop the NO inhalation system without a gas cylinder, which would include a high concentration of NO, NAMIHIRA et al have recently reported on the production of NO from room air using a pulsed arc discharge. In the present work, the temperature of the pulsed arc discharge plasma used to generate NO was measured to optimize the discharge condition. The results of the temperature measurements showed the temperature of the pulsed arc discharge plasma reached about 10,000 K immediately after discharge initiation and gradually decreased over tens of microseconds. In addition, it was found that NO was formed in a discharge plasma having temperatures higher than 9,000 K and a smaller input energy into the discharge plasma generates NO more efficiently than a larger one.
Recently, the pulsed power technology led us to generate discharge plasma in high-pressure gas, liquid and solid environment. The discharge plasmas have a lot of functions such as an intense electric field, a large current flow, a chemically active radical formation, a shockwave generation, and an ultraviolet irradiation. Using the functions, the pollution control technologies, including exhaust gases treatment, ozone generation, water treatment, and material destruction or separation, were developed in laboratory. In the paper, the NO removal by ns pulsed discharge plasma and the aggregate recycling by the discharge inside of concrete would be introduced.
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