A molecular orbital study on heteroaromatic oligomers has been performed to investigate their electron confinement characteristics. The semiempirical MNDO-SCF-MO (modified neglect of diatomic overlap selfconsistent-field molecular orbital) method was used to calculate the electronic structures of the oligomers as a function of the unit number for the three sets of heteroaromatic oligomers X n Y n X n with unit cells X and Y, n ) 1-4. They are X ) benzene, Y ) pyrrole, X ) benzene, Y ) thiophene, and X ) thiophene, Y ) pyrrole, respectively. The electronic structures of the oligomers have been analyzed by means of the degree of occurrence of the electron confinement divided into the sequences of X units and of Y units. The analyses indicate that the oligomers with X ) thiophene, Y ) pyrrole can have the most promising tunable quantumwell structure by controlling the unit number in the oligomers studied. The effect of the confinement characteristics of the oligomers on the static second-order hyperpolarizability is also discussed.
The refractive index of a novel silicon-germanium ladder copolymer synthesized by partially substituting silicon in the main chain of polyphenylsilsesquioxane by germanium could be controlled between 1.558 and 1.573 by changing the content of germanium up to 10 mol%, without losing thermal stability over 500 °C.
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