This paper summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the issue of the environmental performance and institutions quality. The main purpose of the research is an econometric model which incorporates macroeconomic and institutional variables in a sample of 187 countries observed during the period 2002-2015. Systematization literary sources and approaches for solving the problem of the difference of institutions quality and values of environment performance index. Methodological tools of the research methods were 14 years of research contain 48 developed countries and 139 developing countries. We used dynamic panel data models and especially the system Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) estimator of Arellano and Bover (1995). The research empirically confirms and theoretically proves that the level of growth proxied by the GDPG exerts a positive effect on the level of the environmental performance and institutional quality, (represented by control of corruption, regulatory quality, government effectiveness and rule of law and act), are significantly on the environment performance for the whole sample. Then, we prove that a good institutions quality enhance a significantly environment performance for developed countries. The results of the research can be useful for developing countries indicate that all variables reflected institution qualities decreased the environmental performance except for the government effectiveness which exerts a positive and significant effect.

This study aims to explain the role of economic freedom in attracting foreign investments and thus raising the level of economic growth. Through a study based on a sample composed of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. A standard model consisting of GCC countries (Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Kuwait, and Oman) was used during the period from 1995 to 2017. We based on the analytical descriptive and secondly, we used a multivariate analysis based on the panel unit root test, the cointegration and finally the regression Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) and Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) following the existence of a long-term integration, which includes the modern standard methods to determine the role of economic freedom in raising foreign direct investment and thus economic growth in the second stage. The research findings from GCC countries support the literature, suggesting that there are indeed some indications that greater levels of economic freedom support higher rates of economic growth in a country.

This research examines the effects of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on financial performance in the Saudi companies' context. In this context measuring, CSR is a necessary condition for knowledge of their own social responsibility and thus to control environmental and social impacts. Assessing the social and environmental performance, the establishment of a steering system for the performance and accountability on these external dimensions imply the existence of metrics to assess the quality of management of the business-related non-financial. The CSR and the financial performance are measured using two accounting variables: Return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE). The financial data are collected from the last ten years (2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016)(2017). The results show the absence of a relationship between the CSR and the financial performance measured by ROA, whereas there is a positive relationship if the financial performance is measured by the ROE.

This paper summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the issue of environmental performance. The investigation of the topic of the Composite Index of Environmental performance (CIEP) in the paper is carried out in the following logical sequence. The research is focused on the relationship between the composite index of environmental performances and the sociopolitical and economic elements of countries. Systematization literary sources and approaches for solving the problem of the influence of the integration of a composite Index of Environmental performance on the socio-political and economic dimensions. The paper presents the results of the empirical analysis with an econometric model which uses a composite index of environmental performance. The relevance of the decision of this scientific problem is that advanced and the methodological tools of the research methods try to measure the influence of Composite Index of Environmental performance model as a dependent variable on economic (technology, transportation, infrastructure, consumption of goods, international trade and tourism) and sociopolitical factors (democracy, freedom, transparency, and social policy) of countries. We used a generalized least squares estimation with a panel data from 6 countries observed during the period 2002-2016. Our results reveal that democracy, social policy, and transparency have a positive effect on environmental performance. Of the same, transport, infrastructure and tourism have a negative effect. The results of the research can be useful for countries, researchers and practitioners that try to improve the environmental performance with a good level of the social politico and economic dimensions. Finally, our results show that good environmental performance is related to the different characteristics of countries such as social, political and economics. And these results can be useful for countries to incorporate this valuable composite index in their objectives.