Stored carioca beans usually tend to darken and harden and therefore lose quality and commercial value and are rejected by the consumer. The objective of this study was to evaluate the behavior of four contrasting light tegument genotypes for the aging process (darkening and hardening) for six months. We adopted a mathematical data modeling, based on polynomial regression analyzes of the variables, color and texture, in the different storage conditions, to describe the effects of the treatment and the storage time, in all bean samples and to select the model which best describes the interaction between variables. All genotypes tended to harden, with increasing storage temperature and time, regardless of the degree of browning. The lowest values of hardness, after six months, were verified in both slow and fast darkening beans. The genotype most resistant to darkening was which showed significant hardening over time. In conclusion, the color itself is not the best parameter to be considered to determine the degree of aging of stored beans, which is controlled by complex mechanisms, physicochemical, genetic, biochemical, among others, which in turn are influenced by environmental storage conditions and genotype.
The production of industrial tomato in Brazil has been growing in the last years and the form of harvest adopted has been mechanized. The diagnosis of tomato fruit losses is fundamental to the harvesting process. The industrial process was destroyed and the statistical process control. The experiment was carried out in a field of 45 ha in an industrial tomato crop irrigated by central pivot in the municipality of Corumbá de Goiás, GO, Brazil. A sampling grid of 60 x 60 m (120 sample points) and 100 x 50 (84 sample points), respectively, were used as georeferenced samples to quantify weight loss and poisoning. As the main losses, in the mechanized harvest, the fruit of industrial tomato do not occur with mature fruit. A N901 cultivar had a lower quality relation than a HMX7885. The mechanical tomato harvesting process is influenced by the random power medium during a larger part of the operation. However, throughout the year, the tasks are not random, they are involved with the operation and the maintenance and maintenance of the process is necessary.Diagnóstico de perdas na colheita mecanizada de duas cultivares de tomate industrial RESUMO: A produção de tomate industrial no Brasil vem crescendo nos últimos anos e a forma de colheita adotada tem sido a mecanizada. O diagnóstico das perdas de frutos de tomate industrial decorrentes do processo de colheita pode auxiliar na redução de desperdícios desta operação. O objetivo desde trabalho foi estudar as perdas de tomate industrial decorrentes do processo de colheita mecanizada utilizando a ferramenta da geoestatística e o controle estatístico de processo. O experimento foi realizado em um talhão de 45 ha em uma lavoura de tomate industrial irrigada por pivô central no município de Corumbá de Goiás, GO, Brasil. As amostras georreferenciadas para quantificar produtividade e de perdas foram coletadas utilizando uma malha amostral de 60 x 60 m (120 pontos amostrais) e 100x50 (84 pontos amostrais), respectivamente. As principais perdas, na colheita mecanizada, de frutos de tomate industrial ocorrem no solo com frutos maduros. A cultivar N901 apresentou em média uma perda de frutos menor em relação a HMX7885. O processo de colheita mecanizada de tomate industrial é influenciado por meio de causas aleatórias durante a maior parte da operação. Contudo, ao longo da colheita fatores não aleatórios podem causar falhas na operação, sendo necessário o monitoramento e ajustes constantes visando manter o processo sob controle.Palavras-chave: máquinas agrícolas; agricultura de precisão; variabilidade espacial; controle estatístico de processo Diagnosis of losses in the mechanized harvest of two cultivars of industrial tomato Rev. Bras.
Um bom sistema de irrigação deve aplicar água no solo uniformemente, até determinada profundidade, propiciando umidade necessária ao desenvolvimento normal das espécies vegetais. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estimar a velocidade de infiltração básica (VIB) da água no solo e avaliar a uniformidade de distribuição de água de irrigação pelo sistema do tipo pivô central. A velocidade inicial de infiltração da água para cada um dos vãos do pivô foi de 79 mm h-1 , 71 mm h-1 , 49 mm h-1 , 55 mm h-1 respectivamente, alcançou um valor constante de 2 mm h-1 , sendo então este o valor denominado de VIB. Os coeficientes de uniformidade CUC, CUH e CUD foram classificados como bons, enquanto CUE e o CUA, classificados como regulares. Nenhum dos coeficientes de uniformidade encontrados apresentou-se na faixa de classificação como excelente, indicando a necessidade de identificação de problemas e realização de melhorias no funcionamento do pivô central. Palavras-Chave: infiltrômetro de duplo anel, aspersão, coeficiente de uniformidade.
Tomato is one of the most produced vegetables in the whole Brazilian territory, also presenting great income to the family producer. The use of organic or alternative substrates has grown, since its acquisition by the producer is easy. Aiming at these factors, the objective of this work was to evaluate the production of three cultivars, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz Kada Gigante and Santa Adélia tomatoes in seven types of substrates formulated with humus and added bovine manure, chicken manure and carbonized rice husk, thus forming a randomized block design in factorial scheme 7×3. The seeds were sown in styrofoam trays and placed in a greenhouse at Emater-GO experimental station, in the city of Anápolis. Some analyses were carried out to verify the quality of seedlings. The analysis of variance was not significant for the cultivar × substrate interaction, so the analyses proceeded in isolation. The cultivars Santa Clara and Santa Cruz Kada Gigante were superior to cultivating Santa Adélia in all tests. The substrates that contained chicken manure composition were the ones that presented the best results in all analyses.
CDD 001.42 Elaborado por Maurício Amormino Júnior-CRB6/2422 O conteúdo dos artigos e seus dados em sua forma, correção e confiabilidade são de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores. 2019 Permitido o download da obra e o compartilhamento desde que sejam atribuídos créditos aos autores, mas sem a possibilidade de alterá-la de nenhuma forma ou utilizá-la para fins comerciais.
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