The APS Journal Legacy Content is the corpus of 100 years of historical scientific research from the American Physiological Society research journals. This package goes back to the first issue of each of the APS journals including the American Journal of Physiology, first published in 1898. The full text scanned images of the printed pages are easily searchable. Downloads quickly in PDF format.
Results: During the study period, we performed 42 NT examinations. We found only one case with an NT increase and we carried out one fetal cardiac ultrasound at 15 weeks, through which, we found a complete atrioventricular canal. The only one patient chose to do a pregnancy termination right after the diagnosis. Conclusions: Evaluation of NT has been proven to be of value in screening for cardiac defects and this is the only instrument that we could use for early diagnosis in developing countries like Equatorial Guinea.Supporting information can be found in the online version of this abstract P06.03 Reference ranges for papillary muscle areas of the fetal heart atrioventricular valves by three-dimensional ultrasonography Objectives: To establish reference ranges for the papillary muscles areas of the fetal heart mitral and tricuspid valves between 18w0d and 34w6d of gestation by three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) using spatio-temporal image correlation (STIC) in the rendering mode. Methods: We realized a retrospective and prospective study with analysis of 310 normal fetal heart 3D STIC volume datasets collected between 2010 and 2013 in the Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine/Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP). In order to obtain the papillary muscles areas by rendering mode, the four chamber view was scanned as reference plane. The papillary muscles atrioventricular valves were the antero-lateral (MPAL) and postero-medial (MPPM) to the mitral and the antero-superior (MPA), inferior (MPI) and septal (MPS) to the tricuspid valve. Polynomial regressions were realized with the adjustments by the determination coefficient (R2). Results: The mean areas of the papillary muscles of mitral valve (MPAL and MPPM) ranged from 0.05 to 0.05 cm 2 in the 20w0d and 0.18 to 0.17 cm 2 in the 34w6d of gestation, respectively. The mean areas of the papillary muscles of tricuspid valve (MPA, MPI and MPS) ranged from 0.05, 0.04 and 0.04 cm 2 in the 20w0d to 0.18, 0.16 and 0.18 cm 2 in the 34w6d of gestation, respectively. Conclusions: The identification of the papillary muscles was possible in the most of 3D STIC volume datasets, enabling to the determination of the reference ranges of fetal heart atrioventricular valve areas in the rendering mode. Objectives: To measure mitral annual displacement (MAD) and tricuspid annular displacement (TAD) by M-mode echocardiography in normal second and third trimester fetuses. The relationships between MAD, TAD and gestational age and routine echocardiographic parameters for evaluation of left ventricular function and right ventricular function were assessed. Methods: One hundred fifty-five normal fetuses from 19 to 38 weeks of gestation were recruited in the study. MVD and TAD were measured. Early diastolic inflow velocities (E) of the atrioventricular valves were assessed by pulsed-wave Doppler (PW), and early diastolic velocities (Em) of the mitral and tricuspid annulus were estimated by pulsed-wave tissue Doppler imaging (TDI). The ratio of E/Em was calculated. ...
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