Introduction: Down syndrome is a genetic disorder experienced by individuals due to an excess of one chromosome in the body cells as the 21st chromosome. This trisomy 21 will result in changes in physical characteristics thus affecting the dental and oral health problems of the patient. This study was a quasi-experimental study aimed to determine the effect of using the dental and oral health book on the knowledge and skills of parents with Down Syndrome children in carrying out the children’s dental and oral health care. Methods: The study design was one group pre-post test with an intervention in the form of reading a book. The sample was 36 parents of Down Syndrome children who were members of the POTADS (Persatuan Orang Tua Anak dengan Down Syndrome/Association of Parents with Down Syndrome Children) in Bandung. The statistical test used was the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Result: The results showed that parents' knowledge of their Down Syndrome children’s dental and oral health care and conditions were increased after reading educational books (from (4.44 ± 1.362) and (7.47 ± 2,274) respectively, into (6.69 ± 0.856) and (9.00 ± 1,394) respectively; p < 0.05). The skills of parents on performing Down Syndrome children’s dental and oral health care were also increased, from (5.00 ± 2.014) into (8.03 ± 1.134); p < 0.05. Conclusion: The book of Down Syndrome children’s dental and oral health increased parental knowledge regarding the dental and oral health care and condition of Down Syndrome children. The book also improved the parental skills in carrying out the Down Syndrome children’s dental and oral health care.Keywords: Parental skills, book, parental knowledge, Down Syndrome, Trisomy 21.
Kerusakan gigi pada anak bisa menyebabkan gangguan pada pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak. Maka dari itu, Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia membuat sebuah Rencana Aksi Nasional (RAN) pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut. RAN 2015-2020 bertujuan memperkuat pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut, salah satunya untuk mencapai DMFT anak umur dibawah 12 tahun mencapai 1,26 dan 50% UKGS tahap III. Namun kenyataannya target capaian RAN belum dapat terpenuhi, bahkan UKGS tahap II yang telah berlangsungpun belum sesuai dengan kebijakan Kementerian Kesehatan pada pedoman UKGS 2012. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji literatur status Kesehatan gigi anak sekolah dilihat berdasarkan kebijakan program kegiatan UKGS tahap II. Jenis penelitian ini studi literatur. Pencarian literatur menggunakan metode PICOS. Pengambilan data berdasarkan kajian data kepustakan yang diterbitkan tahun 2015-2020, kemudian dianalisis dengan teknik content analysis. Hasil kajian literatur menurut Taftazani, dkk (2015), Lestari (2016) dan diperkuat oleh Sembiring (2019) menyatakan bahwa program UKGS tahap II yang terlaksana dalam kriteria sedang. Pelaksanaan program UKGS tahap II akan mempengaruhi target capaian Kementerian Kesehatan. Wirata, dkk (2016), Pratiwi, dkk (2016), dan Ikenasya (2017) menjelaskan bahwa siswa di sekolah yang menjalankan program kegiatan UKGS memiliki status kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang lebih baik. Hasil penelitian Wirata, dkk (2016), dan Pratiwi, dkk (2016), menjelaskan bahwa siswa di sekolah dengan program kegiatan UKGS tahap II yang dilaksanakan sesuai dengan pedoman 2012, memiliki status kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang lebih baik. Kesimpulan: Pelaksanaan program kegiatan UKGS tahap II yang dilakukan sesuai dengan kebijakan Kementerian Kesehatan, akan meningkatkan status kesehatan gigi dan mulut pada anak sekolah dasar.
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