Central Sumatra basin is located on Sumatra Island, Indonesia, and is considered an oil prolific basin that produces heavy oil. The basin is believed to have unexplored heavy oil potential. Therefore, this study aims to map the heavy oil potential distribution in the basin using surface and subsurface lineaments analyses interpreted from satellite imagery and gravity data, and assisted by well log/petrophysics analysis. A thorough basin analysis was conducted based on surface/subsurface structures’ control and source rock location settings to map all potential heavy oil traps. The gravity anomaly data interpretation identified the low areas and lineaments in NW – SE, and N – S directions. The interpretation of satellite imageries showed very similar lineament patterns with the same general direction. It was observed that there is continuity between subsurface and surface lineament features, which provide contact between reservoirs and surface water sources, thereby facilitating heavy oil generation. Overlapping the lineament interpretation of gravity and satellite imagery data, supported by petroleum system understanding and verification from wells data have confirmed 7 heavy oil trap potential areas within the sedimentary basin.
Heavy oil which is classifi ed as non conventional oil is the target of exploration in the world. In Indonesia, the potential for heavy oil exploration is quite large, especially in the Central Sumatra basin. This study aims to map the location of potential heavy oil based on remote sensing data and regional gravity data supported by a geographic information system. Landsat 8 OLI satellite data is processed to produce 567 (RGB) color composite images, then further processing is carried out with DEM data to produce fusion images; mapping the vegetation index, clay mineral index, iron oxide index, surface temperature. The gravity data is used for mapping subsurface geological structures. Overlay analysis is carried out on the results of remote sensing data processing and interpretation of surface and subsurface geology. Based on the analysis, it shows that heavy oil fi elds are generally found on the surface and subsurface structures which are relatively identical and located on the edge of the basement high. Based on this analysis, the locations that have the potential for heavy oil and gas traps are on the northeast edge, Dalu-dalu High, the edge of Kampar High, the west edge of Kuantan High, the southwest edge of the Beruk High, the southwest edge of the Sembilan High.
Central Sumatra Basin is one of the most prolifi c hydrocarbon basins in Indonesia and has proved itself as being the largest contributor to Indonesia’s national crude oil production. Heavy oil fi elds in the basin, such Duri fi eld as the largest one, plays a very important role in making up the basin’s whole oil production output. In general, the Central Sumatra Basin is also acknowledged for its heavy oil potential. Accordingly, a study under the auspices of the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR) of the Republic of Indonesia is carried out to re-visit the potential. The study establishes and implements an integrated approach formed by a combined macro and micro analyses. In the macro analysis, a combined evaluations of regional geology, geophysics, geochemistry, remote sensing/geographic information system ( GIS), regional geothermal study, and fi eld survey/ microbiology is performed to identify geological positions of the heavy oil potential. In the micro analysis, on the other hand, qualitative and quantitative well-log analyses supported by well-test and laboratory measurement data on the identifi ed geological positions are carried out with an aim of identifying heavy oil bearing reservoirs/traps under three categories of certainty. The main result of the study is identifi cation of 51 fi elds/structures - producing and non-producing – that bears heavy oil within the three categories. Findings of the study can certainly be used as a prerequisite for more intensive and expansive studies to meet the need for a more solid conclusion regarding the heavy oil potential of the Central Sumatra Basin.
The Kutai and Barito basins are the Cenozoic rift basins in southeastern Kalimantan, Indonesia and are very mature for hydrocarbon exploration history. Both basins have experienced similar structural evolution and depositional history. Despite the similarity between two basins, large oil and gas fields were found in the Kutai Basin, whereas not common in the Barito Basin and localized in its northeastern part. Depositional history of both basins evolved from lacustrine syn-rift to marine post-rift stages through fluvio-deltaic transitional environment. However, different type of petroleum system has been identified in the Barito and Kutai basins. Syn-rift lacustrine to fluvio-deltaic sequence (Tanjung Formation) is an essential element of petroleum system in the Barito Basin and post-rift deltaic sequence (Balikpapan and Kampung Baru formations) is a key element in the Kutai Basin. Such difference in the petroleum system type is associated with difference in burial history, affected by spatio-temporal variation of uplifting and basin subsidence. The differential uplifting of the Meratus Mountains allowed the syn-rift Tanjung Formation to reach thermal maturation only in the northeastern Barito Basin. The uplifting of the Central Kalimantan Mountains, however, caused erosion of the syn-rift sequence in the Kutai Basin and supplied enough sediments to form the post-rift deltaic sequence with thermal maturity. Future exploration potential of the Barito Basin still remains in the well-known, syn-rift Tanjung Formation and needs to be further evaluated from the pre-Cenozoic fractured basement, the post-rift Warukin, and the Berai limestone reservoirs particularly in the western region of the Barito Basin.
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