This research uses Resource Modelling Associate (RMA) program to conduct a two-dimension model of Agathis Lake to analyse velocity and sediment transport distribution. The main programs are RMA-10 for velocity distribution and RMA-11 for the pollutant distribution. The sediment transport focuses on total suspended solids (TSS) pollutant. The research aims to construct total suspended solid model. Firstly, RMA Generation produces mesh of Agathis Lake. Next, RMA-10 and RMA-11 would perform both velocity and TSS simulation model to represent the actual condition. This research still gives temporary result due to limited sampling data. Calibration analysis of the model is needed to make the result of the program more accurate and more representative to the real condition.
The sediment yield is defined as the amount of sediment discharged by an area for a given period of time. Schaffernak proposed to estimate sediment yield in a watershed based on a sediment duration curve. The research objective is to test the applicability of a modified Schaffernak approach in estimating annual sediment yield in Sugutamu, a small urban watershed subsystem of the Ciliwung River where hardly any necessary data is available. The discharge-duration curve is developed based on daily runoff simulation using a hydrological model WinTR-55, while the sediment rating curve is derived based on field surveys and is developed only for a total suspended solid. The results of field surveys conducted in January 2015 were used for calibrating the physiographical parameters of the watershed as input data for WinTR-55, and the simulation was for the year 2014. Both calibration and simulation processes utilized the rainfall data from a nearby automatic rainfall recorder. The quantification of sediment yield resulted in 108.5 tons/km 2 /year, which is acceptable when compared to the results of similar studies. The results showed that sediment yield from ungauged watershed are possible to be quantified using modified Schaffernak approach in combination withWinTR-55 application. Further study is needed in order to validate the applicability of the approach in similar conditions.
The several things to fulfil human needs are water resources, like household, laundry, industry and agriculture, the activities that reduce the availability of ground water and produce waste which makes the quality of river water decrease. This research was conducted in a catchment area outside University of Indonesia which is included in the Ciliwung watershed area which aims to increase the carrying capacity of water resources by carrying out a Water Governance approach by considering 3 aspects Place, People and Policy. The Place aspect or technical recommendations was an approach using the concept of WSUD (Water Sensitive Urban Drainage), the green infrastructure used are bioretention and constructed wetland by using ArcGIS, GitBola and SWMM for simulations of improving air quality and volume of runoff water reduction. The People aspect or stakeholders are conducted in-depth interviews or snow ball interview with stakeholders and residents in the catchment to find out responses to green technology recommendations and stakeholder responses. The policy aspect makes appropriate policy recommendations that regulate the management of liquid and solid waste so as not to pollute water bodies, to improve the condition of catchments around University of Indonesia, making policy recommendations based on the technical aspects of green technology proposals, community or stakeholder responses and also based on existing policies or regulations from the central to the regional level.
There have been attempts to simulate meander dynamics (Langbein and Leopold 1966, Oodgard 1989, Campoerale et. al 2007, da Silva and El-Tahawy 2008, Duan and Julien 2010, Blanckaert and de Vriend 2010, Esfahani and Keshavarzi 2011). Meandering geometry is complex phenomena (Chanson 2004, Wu 2008), this would include the dynamics of flow properties and of morphology. Simulating meander flow dynamics is mostly popular using either Finite Element Method (FEM) or Finite Volume Method (FVM) where are based on Eulerian description, and based on stationer grid-based methods (Wormleaton and Ewunetu 2006, Wu 2008, Duan and Julien 2010, Gomez-Gesteira et. al 2010). As such this model is lack of capability in simulating the dynamics of meander morphology; much effort is put through to overcome this issue with such as Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH), Boundary Element Methods, Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian, etc. This paper has two objectives; to identify meander flow characteristics and sediment transport distribution patterns, and to simulate meander flow characteristics and sediment transport distribution patterns using FEM. This study has identified that the key of dynamics of flow characteristics are helical flow and coherent structures, and the key of dynamics of transport characteristics are erosion-deposition zone patterns. The finite element model using in this study, RMA has shown its capability to simulate the meander key characteristics above, for small deflection angles (30°) location of maximum erosion-deposition zones near the crossover of the sinuosity, for intermediate deflection angles (70°) location of maximum erosion-deposition zones between the crossover and apex of the sinuosity, and for large deflection angles (110°) location of maximum erosion-deposition zones near the apex of the sinuosity, these are agreed with experiments of Odgaard 1989, da Silva 2006, da Silva et. al 2006, and Esfahani and Keshavarzi (2012). These results can be used as a reference to develop a method to model meander morpho-dynamics.
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