AbstrakKajian karakteristik lingkungan dan kondisi fauna makrobentik di kawasan reboisasi mangrove Pulau Pramuka, Panggang dan Karya, Kabupaten Kepulauan Seribu telah dilakukan pada bulan April 2014. Kajian ini bertujuan sebagai data dasar dalam pengelolaan mangrove di Indonesia khsususnya pasca penanaman mangrove. Pengukuran karakteristik lingkungan dilakukan dengan cara insitu, sedangkan pengumpulan fauna makrobentik dengan membuat transek garis dan plot yang ditarik dari titik acuan (tegakan mangrove terluar) dan tegak lurus garis pantai sampai ke daratan. Hasil kajian memperlihatkan bahwa karakteristik lingkungan yang diukur tidak begitu berbeda antar stasiun dan juga tidak melebihi baku mutu untuk kehidupan biota laut. Sebanyak 6 spesies fauna makrobentik telah ditemukan dengan kepadatan yang bervariasi. Kepadatan tertingginya berada di Stasiun 3 (05.00 ind/m2) dan terendahnya di Stasiun 1 (02.00 ind/m2). Selain itu, fauna makrobentik Atilia (Columbella) scripta, Metopograpsus latifrons, Littoraria scabra, Saccostrea cucculata dan Cardisoma carnifex berasosiasi atau berkaitan erat dengan stasiun yang bersubstrat lanau maupun pasir. Selanjutnya parameter kualitas air yang paling menentukan distribusi dan kepadatan fauna makrobentik di kawasan reboisasi mangrove Pulau Pramuka, Panggang, dan Karya, Kabupaten Kepulauan Seribu adalah pH. AbstractThe study of the environmental characteristics and conditions of macrobenthic fauna in the mangrove reforestation area of Pramuka, Panggang, Karya, and the Seribu Islands was carried out in April 2014. This study aims at the basic data in mangrove management in Indonesia, especially after mangrove planting. Measurement of environmental characteristics is carried out by in-situ methods while collecting macrobenthic fauna by making line transects and plots drawn from the reference point (outermost mangrove stands) and perpendicular to the coastline to the mainland. The results of the study show that the measured environmental characteristics are not very different between stations and also do not exceed the quality standards for marine life. A total of 6 macrobenthic fauna species have been found with varying densities. The highest density is at Station 3 (05.00 ind/m2) and the lowest is at Station 1 (02.00 ind/m2). In addition, the macrobenthic fauna Atilic (Columbella) scripta, Metopograpsus latifrons, Littoraria scabra, Saccostrea cucculata and Cardisoma carnifex are associated or closely related to silt or sand substrates. Furthermore, the water quality parameters that most determine the distribution and density of macrobenthic fauna in the mangrove reforestation area of Pulau Pramuka, Panggang and Karya Seribu Islands District are pH.

ABSTRAKPasang surut air laut merupakan salah satu gejala alam yang tampak di laut, yakni gerakan naik turunnya muka air laut. Gerakan tersebut disebabkan oleh pengaruh gaya tarik menarik antara bumi, bulan dan matahari. Data pasang surut dapat memberikan gambaran hidrodinamika di daerah pesisir dan dapat digunakan untuk perencanaan pembangunan dan mitigasi bencana di wilayah pesisir. Untuk mengetahui pasang surut dapat dilakukan dengan pengukuran langsung di lapangan atau dapat dilakukan dengan pemodelan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat pemodelan pasang surut pantai Karawang dan dimanfaatkan untuk mengetahui genangan rob yang sering terjadi di pesisir Karawang. Metode yang digunakan dalam pemodelan pasang surut ini adalah Metode Flexible Mesh Simulasi yang terdapat pada Software Mike 2 dengan mengunakan data batimetri, garis pantai dan topografi. Hasil pemodelan pasang surut di perairan Karawang diketahui tipe pasang surut adalah tipe campuran condong harian tunggal dengan nilai Fomzhal adalah 2.854. Pasang tertinggi terjadi pada 8 Maret 2021 dengan interval waktu selama 2 jam dan elevasi berkisar 0.20-0.42m. Prediksi genangan banjir rob tertingi terjadi pada pada 13 Maret 2021 dengan interval waktu selama 3 jam dan nilai elevasi berkisar 0.11-0.15 m berada pada pesisir Kecamatan Pedes dengan dengan luasan genangan 38,69 km2.ABSTRACTThe tides are one of the natural phenomena that appear in the sea, namely the movement of rising and falling sea levels. The movement is caused by the influence of the attractive forces between the earth, moon and sun. Tidal data can provide an overview of hydrodynamics in coastal areas and can be used for development planning and disaster mitigation in coastal areas. To find out the tides can be done by direct measurements in the field or can be done by modeling. This study aims to model the tides of the Karawang coast and is used to determine the tidal inundation that often occurs on the coast of Karawang. The method used in this tidal modeling is the Flexible Mesh Simulation Method found in Mike 2 Software using bathymetry, coastline and topography data. From the results of tidal modeling in the Karawang Waters, it is known that the tidal type is a mixed type with a single daily slope and the Fomzhal value is 2.85. The highest tide will occur on March 8, 2021 with an interval of 2 hours and an elevation of 0.20-0.42m. Prediction of the highest tidal flood inundation will occur on March 13, 2021 with an interval of 3 hours and an elevation value ranging from 0.11-0.15 m on the coast of Pedes District with an inundation area of 38.69 km2.

The coastal area is one of the areas that is quite vulnerable to the threat of pollution caused by human activities, including pollution caused by oil spills (hydrocarbons) in the sea. The incident can be caused by several factors including the explosion, leakage of petroleum pipelines on the seabed, leakage of tanks or petroleum tankers at sea and disposal of waste petroleum products into the environment. Oil spills continuously can cause environmental contamination and pollution both aquatic and terrestrial. If the petroleum hydrocarbons enter sea waters, some of them will be absorbed by aquatic organisms because the nature of the petroleum hydrocarbons is difficult to decompose in waters. The intentional and unintentional entry of hazardous and toxic substances into marine ecosystems such as petroleum hydrocarbons and chemical solvents resulting from industrial wastes has become a serious problem for human health and the environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the concentration of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) contained in fish in coastal waters of Karawang Regency, West Java Province. This research was conducted in September-November 2019 by taking several fish samples at Ciparage Jaya Fish Auction Place, Betok Mati and Sungai Buntu Rive with a total sample of 24 fish, and taking seawater samples in the three study sites. TPH analysis was carried out at the Integrated Chemistry Laboratory, Bogor Agricultural University. TPH values in fish at Ciparage-1, Ciparage-2, Betok Mati and Sungai Buntu stations, in general, have different mean values but are almost uniform, each at 6.82; 6.82; 7.45 and 5.12 mg/kg. Based on the average TPH concentration in fish, it can be said that the average TPH in fish at Betok Mati station is relatively higher compared to other stations. TPH values in all fish samples exceed the safe threshold, which is a maximum of 0.002 mg/kg. Based on the results of the Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) analysis showed that the average TPH in fish was 6.55 mg/kg and the average TPH in the waters was 11.23 mg/l, so the BAF value was 58.35 which means that the absorption rate of TPH by fish organisms against the concentration of TPH in the waters of 58.35%. The analysis shows that the value of Ecological Hazard Assessment (EHA) is 3743.33 which means that the level of influence of the hazard on ecosystems and organisms is 3743.33. This value exceeds the recommended threshold according to the European Union, which is a maximum of 0.002 mg/l.

Nutrien seperti magnesium dan besi dan kondisi lingkungan optimum berperan untuk pertumbuhan dan lemak yang dihasilkan oleh Nannochloropsis sp. Laju pertumbuhan dan lemak Nannochloropsis sp diamati untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan konsentrasi magnesium dan besi dalam media kultivasi. Kultivasi Nannochloropsis sp menggunakan skala semi massal secara outdoor dengan 3 perlakuan yaitu kontrol, magnesium dan besi. Magnesium dan besi ditambahkan dalam media dengan 3 tingkat konsentrasi yaitu 1x, 3x dan 5x dan. Laju pertumbuhan Nannochloropsis sp diamati setiap hari dan kandungan lemak diuji dengan metode Mojonnier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan laju pertumbuhan Nannochloropsis sp dengan penambahan magnesium 0.319/hari dan penambahan besi 0.256/hari lebih tinggi dibandingkan kontrol. Sehingga lemak yang dihasilkan menjadi lebih tinggi sebesar 4.16% dan 2.27%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penambahan konsentrasi magnesium dan besi pada kultivasi Nannochloropsis sp meningkatkan laju pertumbuhan sehingga lemak yang dihasilkan menjadi  lebih tinggi.

Remote sensing is one of the effective methods of monitoring mangrove ecosystems. One of the challenges in implementing this method is image resolution. Access to large-resolution imagery as a basic material for spatial analysis is not cheap. Unmanned small aircraft systems (SPUKTA) or drones are able to answer these challenges. Orthophotos obtained from the acquisition of drones are capable of producing large-resolution imagery. This method is then implemented in conservation areas, to facilitate the process of identifying mangrove species in the area. The drone was flown at an altitude of 150 m with a pavement value of 85% for 4 flying missions. The result of processing 1614 aerial photos into orthophotos produced images with a GSD resolution of 4.75 cm/pix. These images are then analyzed with on-screen digitization techniques and visual interpretation. From the total area of the study area of 46.48 ha obtained the digitization results of Rhizophora sp. with a total area of 24.68 ha, Avicennia sp. 7.64 ha, dead mangroves 0.19 ha, and non-vegetation 13.97 ha.