The study aimed to find out whether <em>Pasteurella multocida</em> bacteria isolated from buffalo in HSU (Hulu Sungai Utara) is the cause of SE (<em>Septicema epizootica</em>) disease in swamp buffaloes using Koch Postulates. Total of 10 Balb-C mice aged 2 weeks were infected with 100 μl culture containing 4 x 108 CFU (1.5 McFarland Scale) <em>P. multocida</em> subcutaneously in the neck , and observed every 4 hours until the animal died. Samples were taken from the spleen, lungs, and heart with different times of death within 15 hours, 35 hours, and 59 hours with sterile swab cotton. Samples were grown on a nutrient broth medium (NB), inoculated on a soy trypticase agar (TSA), and incubated for 24 hours at 37 ° C. Separate colonies were stained with Gram and spore staining. The colonies were tested by catalase, biochemical, indol motility (SIM) sulfite, confectionary, and planted on Mac Conkey Agar media. <em>P. multocida</em> was identified following Carter's method of showing lung, spleen, and positively infected <em>P. multocida</em> samples. It was concluded that <em>P. multocida</em> bacteria isolated from buffalo in HSU are pathogenic and can cause SE disease.
Research on the phenotype characteristics of Alabio Ducks (<em>Anas Platyrhynchos</em> Borneo) in South Kalimantan was conducted to determine the phenotypic characteristics of 3 central Alabio ducks (Hulu Sungai Utara, Banjar and Tabalong Regencies). The materials used in this study were 480 Alabio ducks, aged ± 6 months, consisting of 30 males and 450 females. The method used in this research was a survey method that was multistage random sampling. The variables observed were dominancy and pattern colors of feathers on neck, breast, back, wing, leg, and tail, beak color and shank color. Based on the results of observations in the Tabalong, HSU and Banjar Regencies, the results show that Alabio ducks have 6 kinds of colors that appear on observed body parts, namely black, grayish-white, blackish-gray, brownish-gray, brown, brownish-white, black, and brownish-white, light-brown spots or dark brown spots on breast feather. The colors of the beak and shank of male and female Alabio ducks are light-yellow or whitish yellow. While the uniform color characteristics are found in male and female Alabio ducks, namely on the grayish-white neck feathers, blackish gray and bluish green on wing feathers, blackish and brownish gray on back-feathers, brownish and black gray on tail-feathers and brownish-white, light brown spots. or dark brown spots on breast-feather. In conclusion, there are not many differences in both the dominant feather color, the variation in the color of the feathers, the beak, the shank of the Alabio ducks, since most of them come from the similar ancestors.
Media pembelajaran adalah satu hal penting dalam proses belajar mengajar. Pemanfaatan teknologi masa kini menjadi salah satu pilihan dalam meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran virtual lab untuk meningkatkan keterampilan proses sains siswa dan penguasaan konsep materi titrasi asam basa pada siswa SMA yang valid, efektif, dan praktis. Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model 4-D (Four D Models) yang terdiri atas Define, Design, Development, dan Dessiminate. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI IPA B SMA IT Granada Samarinda. Instrumen penelitian berupa lembar validasi, soal pretest dan posttest, dan angket respon siswa. Hasil validasi media pembelajaran virtual lab titrasi asam basa oleh ahli materi, ahli IT, dan praktisi mendapat skor rata-rata 3,64 dengan kategori sangat baik. Keefektifan media didasarkan pada peningkatan keterampilan proses sains dan penguasaan konsep materi siswa yaitu pada praktikum I , II, dan III berturut-turut 71%, 80% dan 90%, serta hasil analisis pretest-posttest menunjukkan nilai N-Gain sebesar 0,71 dengan kriteria sangat efektif. Kepraktisan media berdasarkan hasil analisis angket respon siswa sebesar 3,04 dengan kriteria baik.
Vaccine candidate tests were carried out in the Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture ULM; and the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Science and Technology Airlangga University. The field test was conducted in Tampakang Village, Hulu Sungai Utara district and Bati-Bati village, Tanah Laut district that was including sterility test through vaccine mediated <em>Brain Heart Infusion </em>(BHI) inoculation. Safety testing was applied in experimental animals (mice and swamp buffaloes). Serum was tested serologically using <em>Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay</em> (ELISA). Vaccine safety test showed 100% of mice and buffalo are surviving without clinical symptoms according to the characteristics of hemorrhagic septicemia disease. ELISA test indicated vaccinations increase antibody production, namely the <em>Optical Density</em> (OD) ƛ 450 ƞm 0.292 before vaccination to be 0.748 and 1.576 after vaccination and to be 1.821 after boosted. Based on sterilization test, safety test, and vaccine potency test, the vaccine candidate from cell wall proteins of <em>P. multocida</em> local isolate can be used to prevent hemorrhagic septicemia disease that infect swamp buffalo both on laboratory and field experiment.
This research aims to find out how high the level of bacterial contamination found in broiler chicken meat sold at the Bauntung Market, Banjarbaru. The method used in this research is the sampling method to determine the sample using the random sampling method used to determine the experimental test sample. This sampling was carried out for three days at 8:00 AM and 11:00 PM. The variables observed in this study were physical observation, the number of bacteria (TPC), and the type of bacteria. The data obtained were then performed a t-test (paired samples test) using a variety of SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solution) program analysis 18. Laboratory analysis was carried out in the Microbiology Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University. The results obtained indicate that there are significant differences in Sig. (2-tailed) (<0.05) between the collection times of the number of bacteria, so it can be concluded that the average level of bacterial contamination at the time of collection at 07.00 am lower than at 10:00 noon. Which is 2.13 x 109 cfu / g and 5.81 x 109 cfu / g. The whole sample taken at 07.00 am did not exceed the threshold, while taken at 10:00 noon had exceeded the threshold required by SNI. Bacterial contaminants that grow on EMBA and SSA media include Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp., Citrobacter, Shigella sp., Salmonella sp., and Providencia.
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