The preparation of Vocational School teacher candidates who have technical skills and employability skills begins with the learning process. This paper aims to formulate learning strategies based on scientific approach to strengthen employability skills for vocational school teacher candidates. This study employed a quantitative approach with a non-experimental survey design. The samples in the study consisted of 120 vocational teacher candidates in the Automotive Engineering Education Program, Faculty of Engineering, Semarang State University who took car body's electrical system practice course. Research data were collected with test questions, observation sheets and questionnaires. The research data were analysed using descriptive analysis, regression analysis. The results showed that the implementation of learning strategies with scientific approach significantly strengthen employability skills of vocational teacher candidates with a contribution of 22.0%, while the remaining 78% was influenced by other factors. The reinforcement of employability skills vocational teacher candidates resulted in the reinforcement of the competitiveness of prospective graduates. When they have become vocational teachers, they are able to produce competitive vocational school graduates in 4.0 industry era.

The objective of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the use of video media in improving student learning outcomes in the competence of caring for the scalp and hair. The research method used was an experimental method with pretest and posttest control group design. This study used test as a research data collection instrument. The validity test of the test questions was analyzed by using product moment correlation and the reliability testi was analyzed by using the Kuder-Richardson-20 formula (KR-20). The contents validity of video instrument and the performance of students were analyzed by using the Contents Validity Ratio (CVR) formula, meanwhile, the reliability test was analyzed by using Cohens Kappa. The study population was a class of X beauty students at State Vocational High School 3 Pati. The placement of the students into the experiment group and the control group used a random assigment technique by drawing. Based on the results of the t-test, the initial average of learning outcomes in the competency of caring the scalp and hair of the control group is 54.5704, it improves into 75.0593 with the improves of 37.54%, including in the “low” category. Whereas, in the experiment group, the initial average learning outcomes in the competency of caring for the scalp and hair is 55.9438, it increases to 83.3281, with the improves of 48.95%, including in the “medium” category. The difference in the improvement in learning outcomes in the experiment group is higher than the difference in the improvement in learning outcomes of the control group (48.95% > 37.54%) so that it can be synthesized that the use of video media is effective in learning competency in caring for the scalp and hair in class of X beauty students of State Vocational High School 3 Pati.

Vocational education building and development must consider the needs of the industry and the demands of 21st-century skills graduates. For these two requirements, it is necessary to innovate the learning model to improve the students’ learning experience and graduates’ performance. This study aims to develop a production-based learning model that is integrated with 21st-century learning skills to improve skills in mechanical engineering. The study employed focus group discussion and experts’ judgment. This study involved the mechanical engineering lecturers, the head of laboratory at the mechanical engineering department, the head of the department of mechanical engineering, the head of mechanical engineering vocational education, the head of the mechanical laboratory at the vocational schools, mechanical engineering teachers, vocational technology education experts, and curriculum specialists. The results show that the utility, feasibility, propriety, and accuracy of the production-based learning model integrated with 21st-century learning skills met the expected criteria and could be used to improve mechanical engineering skills.

This research is motivated by the implementation of conventional learning. Besides, student learning motivation is still low due to student activities that are less centered on making workpieces that are suitable for work in the industry. Learning outcomes show that only 55.88% of students reach Minimum Completeness Criteria (Kriteria Ketuntasan minimum or KKM). The design and learning of productive machining competencies that are in accordance with the needs of the industry influence students' experience and learning outcomes. This study aims to analyze the results of industrial project-based learning (InPro-BL) milling machine competency learning outcomes in SMK Negeri 1 Semarang. The method used in this study is Class Action Research (CAR) through four stages: (1) planning, (2) implementation of actions, (3) observation and evaluation, (4) reflection. The samples were 34 students of class XII of Mechanical Engineering. The data were collected using product assessment instruments to measure dimensional accuracy, timeliness, level of disability, level of smoothness, and work attitude. This study was descriptive quantitative, and qualitative. The results of the study show that InPro-BL is effective in improving the learning outcomes of milling machine competencies. In Cycle I,  there is an increase in learning outcomes, from 19 students who completed the KKM to 25 students or 73.52%. In Cycle II, there are 88.23% of students passed the KKM. These results can be improved by paying attention to the management of learning time through the block system, teacher's understanding of industrial-project-based learning, and industry guest teachers mentoring every learning process.

Along with the times utilization of natural fibers composite materials has been developed. The purpose of this research was to know the impact strength of pineapple leaves fiber composites before applied to basic material for Indonesia National Standard (SNI) helmet. Design of this research was true experimental with posttest-only control design, in this research there were two group, namely experimental group (fiber composite) and control group (SNI helmet). Result of this research showed there was improvement about composite strength with addition fibers volume. The value of absorbed energy and the highest impact strength is found in 10% of fiber volume equals 0.5375 Joules and 0.01657/mm 2 , far above the SNI helmet which only amounted to 0.3125 Joules and 0.00972 J/mm 2 . For the highest density value is found in 13% of fiber volume equals 1.4525 g/cm 3 . It can be concluded that pineapple leaves fiber composites can be used as an alternative material for making SNI helmet.