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For most of these spiders there is no literature other than catalog citations. Often the second citation is a misidentification, and many species, when found again, were given new names (e.g. Bertrana striolata), because making a new species is much easier than checking previous descriptions and examining their types. MATERIALS AND METHODSSpecimens from the following collections were used. I want to thank their curators for their help.AMNH

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Of the 18 previously known Mangora species from South America, three names are synonyms and J_2 species have their genitalia illustrated here for the first time. All of the 127 new species found are described, illustrated, and named. Most of these many species are found in the Amazon drainage. All the species outside the Amazon have only limited distributions except M. melanocephala, the most common Mangora, found between the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico, and northern Argentina. Only four species found in Central America extend their ranges to South America. A new method of immobilizing and examining palpi is described.

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