Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs)—(aliphatic and aromatic) were analysed for in atmospheric rainwater between April–June; July–August; September–October depicting early, mid, late rain of 2019. Sampling at Rumuodomaya/Rumuodome and Ogale in Rivers State using basins fastened to a Table 2M above ground and 120 M from high features, Rainwater was analysed after treatment using Agilent GC-FID. Results show cumulative TPHs at R/R were 56.6551 mg/L, 39.5201 mg/L and 7.2283 mg/L, Ogale: 9.1217 mg/L, 59.4923 mg/L and 21.9825 mg/L. Aliphatic hydrocarbons: C5–C8 were < 1, low contamination, other carbon aggregates (C9–C16, C17–C35, and C36–C40) indicate high contamination. Chemometric assessment showed high contamination. TPHs aggregates at Rumuodomaya/Rumuodome were–C8–C11 (1.034 and 1.005) early rain, C18–C25 and C26–C33 has Carbon preference index of 1.287 and 1.630 (mid-rain), C26–C33 has CPI of 1.288 (late-rain), Ogale area, C26–C33 has CPI of 1.732 (early-rain), mid-rain C8–C11 (2.768) and C12–C17 (5.368). Pristane/phytane ratio indicated biogenic and pyrogenic sources. Average carbon length of TPHs for odd n-alkanes were C9–C11 (9.446) and C35–C39 (38.980), C9–C11(10.238), C35–C39 (36.510); C9–C11 (10.240) and C35–C39 (36.934). Average daily intake depicted possible health issues for children and adults as hazard index > 1 for aromatics.
Rice husk a low cost agricultural waste was assessed for its efficiency as an oil spill sorbent by comparing its oil (crude oil, diesel and kerosene) uptake with that of a standard conventional synthetic sorbent mat used in oil spill clean-up. The sorption process of crude oil, diesel and kerosene onto rice husk and the standard was studied using Langmuir, Freundlich, Elovich, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorption models while the sorption kinetics was studied using Lagergren pseudo-firstorder, pseudo-second-order, intraparticle diffusion and liquid film diffusion models. Suitable environmental applicability of both sorbents was also studied. The result of the study shows that rice husk sorbed3.30± 0.23g of crude oil, 2.50± 0.81 g of diesel and 1.95± 0.72g of kerosene per unit mass while the standard sorbed11.50± 0.54g of crude oil, 10.34± 0.77g of diesel and 8.20± 0.93g of kerosene per unit mass. About 2.46± 0.17g of sorbed crude oil, 1.60± 0.64g of sorbed diesel and 1.57± 0.11g of sorbedkerosene were recovered from a unit mass of rice husk, while, 9.67± 0.36g of sorbed crude oil, 8.40± 0.95g of sorbed diesel and 6.50± 0.49g of sorbed kerosene were recovered from a unit mass of synthetic sorbent mat. The amount of the sorbed oils retained by a unit mass of rice husk is about 0.84± 0.22g of crude oil (25 % of sorbed crude oil), 0.90± 0.97g of diesel (36 % of sorbed diesel), and 0.38± 0.90g of kerosene (20 % of sorbed kerosene), while, 1.83± 0.33g of crude oil (15 % of sorbed crude oil), 1.94± 0.97g of diesel (19 % of sorbed diesel) and 1.70± 0.89g of kerosene (20 % of sorbed kerosene) were retained by a unit mass of synthetic sorbent mat. The result of the study indicates that the standard is a better sorbent for oil removal than rice husk. Rice husk has the ability to retain sorbed oil which makes it a good sorbent when oil recovery is not required, but disposal. The sorption process for both sorbents follows the Langmuir isotherm. Intraparticle diffusion model and liquid film diffusion model were parts of the rate determining steps of the sorption process of the oils onto rice husk and the standard.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.