The chest PA examination is one of the single most performed studies in radiology today. It can provide a wealth of information in a single examination. As in many other areas of radiology there is a conflict between high contrast, which enables subtle structures to be visualized, and wide latitude, which allows all areas of interest in the chest to be displayed in a single image. In order to optimize the design of receptor systems it is useful to establish and understand the latitude required for thoracic imaging. We have measured the distributions of x-ray transmittance within the lungs, heart, and abdomen for a population of 868 out-patients. The measurements were made with a resolution element approximately 2 x 2 cm, at a single x-ray beam quality, and with a low-scatter slot-beam geometry. Under these conditions, the required receptor latitude for capturing each area of interest in the thorax is derived as a function of body habitus. To capture all three regions the required receptor latitude for the PA examination varies from 1 1: 1 to 81: 1 with increasing patient size. The implications of these results for thoracic image-receptor design will be discussed.
We present a case of volar luxation of the scaphotrapezial bone, in which radiographs suggested luxation of the scaphoid, but unclear relations to the other carpal bones. Computer tomographic reconstruction showed an isolated scaphotrapezial luxation. This was treated by closed reduction and a plaster cast, after which the patient regained normal function of her wrist.
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