Introduction: Development is a mental change that occurs gradually and over time, starting from simple abilities to more difficult abilities, such as attitude, behavior and intelligence. Preschool age is a golden age in which all aspects of development play an important role in aspects of further development. The study aimed to determine the relationship between nutritional status and development of preschool aged children in the operational area of Puskesmas Batua Raya. Methods: The study used a cross sectional study design with total sample of 196 respondents. Data were collected through anthropometric measurements of body weight and KPSP assessment (developmental pre-screening questionnaire) was carried out. Data analysis was performed using the chi square test. Results: Results of the study found that children with appropriate development were higher in good nutritional status (74%) than those who were below the nutritional status (5.6%). Analysis of the two variables shows the value of p = 0.000. Statistically, there was a significant relationship between nutritional status and development of preschool children. Conclusion: Based on the research, it may be concluded that there is a relationship between maternal knowledge and the behavior of exclusive breastfeeding in the operational area of the Sudiang Primary Health Center.
AbstrakHipertensi dalam kehamilan merupakan penyebab utama morbiditas akut yang berat, cacat jangka panjang, dan kematian ibu. Hipertensi dalam kehamilan dapat berlanjut hingga ke masa persalinan yang akan menyebabkan gangguan pertumbuhan janin yang akan mempengaruhi berat badan lahir bayi sehingga pada ibu yang memiliki tekanan darah tinggi memiliki resiko melahirkan bayi berat lahir rendah lebih tinggi. Kebaruan dalam penelitian ini karena meneliti tentang hubungan antara hipertensi dalam kehamilan dengan kejadian bayi berat lahir rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara hipertensi dalam kehamilan dengan kejadian bayi berat lahir rendah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian ini diambil menggunakan metode consecutive sampling. Adapun jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 350 orang sampel. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil uji Chi Square menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara hipertensi dalam kehamilan dengan kejadian berat bayi lahir rendah (p value ≤ 0,05). Hasil perhitungan Prevalence Ratio (PR) menunjukkan bahwa ibu hamil yang mengalami hipertensi berisiko 1,661 kali mengalami kejadian bayi berat lahir rendah (95% CI 1,284-4,849). Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan antara hipertensi dalam kehamilan dengan kejadian bayi berat lahir rendah di Kota Makassar.Kata Kunci: Hipertensi Dalam Kehamilan; Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah; Ibu Hamil. AbstractHypertension in pregnancy is considered to be the major cause of severe acute morbidity, long-term disability, and maternal death. Hypertension in pregnancy can continue until the day of labor which may cause fetal growth disorders that will affect the baby's birth weight. Therefore, a pregnant mother with a high blood pressure tends to have a higher risk of having a low-birth weight baby. The novelty in this study is because it examines the relationship between hypertension in pregnancy and the incidence of low birth weight babies. The major objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between hypertension in pregnancy and the occurrences of low-birth weight in babies. The methodological approach used in this research was an observational analytical study by using a cross sectional approach. The samples of this research were selected by using a consecutive sampling method where 350 samples were selected as samples of this research. The data analysis was conducted by using Chi-Square test.Based on the Chi-Square test, it was apparent that there was a significant relationship between hypertension in pregnancy and the occurrences of low birth weight with the p value of 0.05. The calculation results of the Prevalence Ratio (PR) showed that pregnant women with hypertension were at risk at 1.661 times to have low-birth weight babies (95% CI 1.284- 4.849). It could be concluded from this research that there was a relationship between hypertension in pregnancy and the occurrences of low birth weight in Makassar.Keyword: Hypertension in Pregnancy; Low-birth Weight Babies; Pregnancy.
Latar belakang: Anemia kehamilan adalah kondisi ibu hamil yang memiliki kadar hemoglobin di bawah 11 gr/dl yang berisiko melahirkan berat bayi lahir rendah akibat kurangnya suplai darah pada plasenta yang akan berpengaruh pada fungsi plasenta terhadap janin. Adapun risiko perdarahan sebelum dan saat persalinan, bahkan dapat menyebabkan kematian ibu dan bayinya apabila ibunya mengalami anemia. Penelitian ini diperlukan untuk mengetahui lebih lanjut mengenai hubungan anemia dalam kehamilan dengan kejadian berat bayi lahir rendah khususnya di Puskesmas Tamangapa. Metode: Analitik kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Metode Pengambilan sampel consecutive sampling sebanyak 100 sampel. Hasil: Hasil menunjukkan hubungan antara anemia kehamilan dengan kejadian berat bayi lahir rendah di Puskesmas Tamangapa melalui uji chi-square dengan nilai p-value 0.000 < 0.05. Berdasarkan uji analisis rank spearman angka correlation coefficient sebesar 0.463 Diketahui juga nilai sig. (2-tailed) kedua variabel yaitu variabel independent dan dependent adalah 0.000 < 0.05. Maka disimpulkan ada hubungan yang cukup kuat dan searah antara variabel independen dan variabel dependen. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang cukup kuat antara kadar hemoglobin dengan keluaran kehamilan; menyebabkan semakin rendah kadar hemoglobin, maka berat bayi lahir juga semakin rendah.
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommended microscopic AFB smear examination and culture as follow-ups to the response of MDR TB therapy. Analyzed the results of microscopic AFB smear and culture conversion as well as treatment outcome in Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients with and without Diabetes Mellitus (DM). This is a retrospective study involved 70 MDR-TB patients with (27 patients) with DM and without DM (43 patients) who had microscopic AFB smear and culture results at the start of the follow-up therapy. This research was conducted at Labuang Baji Regional Public Hospital, Makassar, from June to July 2019, used medical records of MDR-TB patients the period of June 2016 to December 2017. The results showed that 52 out of 70 MDR-TB patients had microscopic AFB smear and culture conversion in MDR-TB with DM (21 patients) and without DM (31 patients). The duration of microscopic AFB smear conversion in MDR TB patients with DM (3.33±0.54 months) was longer than patients without DM (2.07±0.05 months), p=0.001. While in culture conversion, there was no significant difference between MDR-TB with DM (1.28±0.64 months) and without DM (1.25±0.59), p=0.648. The recovery outcome between MDR-TB with (48.1%) and without DM (48.8%) was not significantly different. However, the output of treatment failure was greater in DM (11.2%) than without DM (2.3%), although statistically, there was no significant difference (p=0.568). Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients with DM experienced slower microscopic AFB smear conversion than MDR-TB patients without DM. However, in culture, there was no significant difference in the conversion period between the two groups. MDR-TB patients, both of with and without DM, had the same chance of recovery.
ASI adalah makanan yang adekuat bagi bayi dalam proses tumbuh kembang karena kandungannya seperti nutrient dan faktor protektif berperan untuk meningkatkan kecepatan metabolisme dan pertumbuhan sehingga menurunkan angka kesakitan dan kematian bayi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pemberian ASI eksklusif terhadap staus gizi bayi usia 6-12 bulan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Paccerakkang. Metode yang digunakan analitik observasional dengan pendekatan retrospektif. Sampel dalam penelitian diambil dengan metode Purposive Sampling yang telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eklusi. Jumlah sampel 50 sampel dan untuk mengetahui peran ASI maka dibedakan anak yang mendapatkan ASI ekslusif 25 responden dan yang tidak mendapatkan ASI ekslusif 25 responden. Sampel diambil menggunakan data primer yang didapatkan dari kuisioner dan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari rekam medis kemudian dianalisa dengan menggunakan uji Chi-Square dengan tingkat kemaknaan sebesar 5% (α=0,05). Hasil uji hipotesis dengan menggunakan Chi-Square dengan tingkat kemaknaan sebesar 5% (α=0,05), diperoleh nilai p-value adalah 0,003 (P<0,05). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara riwayat pemberian ASI ekslusif dengan status gizi bayi usia 6-12 bulan.
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