The Relation Between Hypertension in Pregnancy With Low Birth Weigt in Makassar City

Abstract

AbstrakHipertensi dalam kehamilan merupakan penyebab utama morbiditas akut yang berat, cacat jangka panjang, dan kematian ibu. Hipertensi dalam kehamilan dapat berlanjut hingga ke masa persalinan yang akan menyebabkan gangguan pertumbuhan janin yang akan mempengaruhi berat badan lahir bayi sehingga pada ibu yang memiliki tekanan darah tinggi memiliki resiko melahirkan bayi berat lahir rendah lebih tinggi. Kebaruan dalam penelitian ini karena meneliti tentang hubungan antara hipertensi dalam kehamilan dengan kejadian bayi berat lahir rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara hipertensi dalam kehamilan dengan kejadian bayi berat lahir rendah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian ini diambil menggunakan metode consecutive sampling. Adapun jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 350 orang sampel. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil uji Chi Square menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara hipertensi dalam kehamilan dengan kejadian berat bayi lahir rendah (p value ≤ 0,05). Hasil perhitungan Prevalence Ratio (PR) menunjukkan bahwa ibu hamil yang mengalami hipertensi berisiko 1,661 kali mengalami kejadian bayi berat lahir rendah (95% CI 1,284-4,849). Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan antara hipertensi dalam kehamilan dengan kejadian bayi berat lahir rendah di Kota Makassar.Kata Kunci: Hipertensi Dalam Kehamilan; Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah; Ibu Hamil. AbstractHypertension in pregnancy is considered to be the major cause of severe acute morbidity, long-term disability, and maternal death. Hypertension in pregnancy can continue until the day of labor which may cause fetal growth disorders that will affect the baby's birth weight. Therefore, a pregnant mother with a high blood pressure tends to have a higher risk of having a low-birth weight baby. The novelty in this study is because it examines the relationship between hypertension in pregnancy and the incidence of low birth weight babies. The major objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between hypertension in pregnancy and the occurrences of low-birth weight in babies. The methodological approach used in this research was an observational analytical study by using a cross sectional approach. The samples of this research were selected by using a consecutive sampling method where 350 samples were selected as samples of this research. The data analysis was conducted by using Chi-Square test.Based on the Chi-Square test, it was apparent that there was a significant relationship between hypertension in pregnancy and the occurrences of low birth weight with the p value of 0.05. The calculation results of the Prevalence Ratio (PR) showed that pregnant women with hypertension were at risk at 1.661 times to have low-birth weight babies (95% CI 1.284- 4.849). It could be concluded from this research that there was a relationship between hypertension in pregnancy and the occurrences of low birth weight in Makassar.Keyword: Hypertension in Pregnancy; Low-birth Weight Babies; Pregnancy.