Background: Ovarian cancer represents one of the most frequently seen malignancies in women and it is the fifth most common cause of cancer-related death in women. The aim of the study to determine the risk factors leading to ovarian cancer in western part of Odisha, India and show the tumour markers in this population.Methods: This is a prospective observational study included 240 ovarian masses diagnosed at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, V. S. S. Medical College, Burla, Sambalpur over 3 years based on preoperative clinical, biochemical (tumour markers) and imaging study and confirm through post-operative histopathology reports.Results: Surface epithelial tumours (68.33%) followed by germ cell tumours (30.83%) are the most common ovarian tumour. Incidence of ovarian cancer is 73.58% in ≤50 years of age group and more number of cases (16.65%) also found in younger age (≤30 year). Overall number of ovarian cancer cases rising. Bilateral tubal ligation is not a protective factor for ovarian cancer (p value >0.05) and consumption of alcohol and tobacco is not increase risk for ovarian cancer. Most of ovarian tumour commonly present with vague abdominal pain (75.83%) followed by mass per abdomen (55%). Ascites mainly a presentation of malignant tumour seen in 46(63.88%) cases. CA125 is the frequently detected tumour markers and all of the tumour markers were significantly within normal limit.Conclusions: Ovarian neoplasia is one of the most common and lethal malignancy in female reproductive tract. Though it is a disease of older age but now a day more no of cases also seen in younger age group. Since most of the ovarian cancer remain asymptomatic for long period so measure should be taken for early diagnosis for best outcome. So, assessment of each regions statistical information reflecting its own profile may be important for estimation of risk for development of ovarian cancer and so useful for early preventive measure before progress to advance stage where prognosis is worst. So, relationship between the profiles of patients and types of ovarian neoplasms may give an idea about the risk factors of the disease in its region. Additionally, distribution of tumour markers might be considered for the dis-criminating of the benign or malign characters of the ovarian neoplasia.

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Introduction:The aim of this study is to accesses the use of the syndromic approach towards managing sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in north western part of India and to make recommendations about the strengths and weakness of syndromic management algorithms and to determine if evidence supports its continued use. Materials and Methods: Total of 412 patients diagnosed as STI based on clinical and physical examination were treated based on syndromic approach and finally 240 patients were recruited in the study. Diagnosis was made based on signs, symptoms and examination. Every symptomatic patient suggestive of STI was managed on the basis of algorithms of the syndrome approach and patients were again followed up after completion of treatment for assessment of clinical improvement/deterioration of signs and symptoms. Results: Vaginal discharge (48.5%, 194 out of 400) followed by lower abdominal pain (46.75%, 187 out of 400) were the most common complaints. On cervico-vaginal smear cytology, 31.70%, 12.19% and 4.87% tested positive for bacterial vaginosis, leptothrix and candidiasis respectively. Syndromic approach for patients of STIs with symptoms of pain abdomen, white discharge P/V and itching P/V are statistically highly significant (Chi-Square Value~86.44 and its p value <0.0001) but for genital ulcer and urinary tract infection is statistically not significant. (Chi-Square Value~0.55 and its p value is>0.05). Conclusion: Syndromic management may be an effective method for clinical management of symptomatic STIs in low resource setting as illustrated in our finding. But further research is needed to determine the cost-benefit ratio of introducing laboratorybased screening into a comprehensive public health program for the control of commonly seen STIs in populations at risk for STIs.

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Background One of the most common causes of postoperative morbidity is postoperative surgical site infection (SSI). Healthcare‐associated infection is a subject of great concern in healthcare services. The goal of the present study is to estimate the relative effectiveness of skin preparation solution chlorhexidine scrub followed by povidone‐iodine painting in the prevention of SSIs after caesarean delivery and abdominal gynecological surgery. Material and Methods This is a 1‐year randomized prospective research done at a tertiary care institution in western Rajasthan. Women who underwent caesarean and gynecological operations were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Enrolled patients were randomly assigned to have the surgical site painted with 10% povidone‐iodine or a chlorhexidine‐alcohol preparatory scrub followed by povidone‐iodine paint. According to the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention criteria, the outcomes were any SSI occurring within a week or during the 30‐day follow‐up period following the operation, including any superficial or deep SSI. Results A total of 251 patients were randomly assigned to two groups. Group A (povidone‐iodine paint) received 121 patients, whereas Group B (chlorhexidine scrub + povidone‐iodine paint) received 129 cases. The overall SSI rate in the present study was 8.76%. The SSI rate was lower in Group B (chlorhexidine scrub + povidone‐iodine paint) as compared to Group A (povidone‐iodine paint only) (5.4% vs. 12.4%; p = 0.04). Conclusion This study highlighted that chlorhexidine‐alcohol scrubbing followed by povidone‐iodine painting provides superior skin antisepsis in comparison to povidone‐iodine painting alone.