The results suggested that serum levels of TSA and LSA progressively increases with grades of dysplasia in precancerous groups and cancer group, when compared with healthy controls. These glycoconjugates, especially LSA has the clinical utility in indicating a premalignant change.

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An increasing number of Indians are living with renal disease. This disease has many implications for, in terms of oral manifestations and management of afflicted patients. Renal failure can give rise to a large spectrum of oral manifestations, affecting the hard or soft tissues of the mouth. The dental care of these patients can be complex, given the medications associated with the disease and the medical conditions that result from inadequately functioning kidneys. Thus, the role of dentist is pivotal in overall health care of patients with renal disease. The authors present relevant information to help dentists in treating patients who exhibit the oral and systemic manifestations of renal disease. The present article reviews, in detail, the current knowledge of the oral and dental aspects of renal failure.

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Developmental disturbances such as change in tooth shape, size and number are recognized conditions. One such anomaly is supernumerary root. The condition is more common in molars than in anterior teeth. The studies have however shown the variation in the morphology of single rooted mandibular canine. Adding to the literature is this case report which presents impacted mandibular canine with two roots and root canals using CBCT. The awareness of these variations through varying research materials is a must. The success of treatment depends on internal and external anatomy of tooth as well. Thereby, lack of knowledge of these anatomical aberrations could lead to failure of treatment, especially endodontic treatment. Proper pre operative imaging and interpretation is a key to hike success rates with anatomical complexities and variabilities.