Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the major endocrine related disorder in young age women. Physical appearance, menstrual irregularity as well as infertility are considered as a sole cause of mental distress affecting health-related quality of life (HRQOL). This prospective case-control study was conducted among 100 PCOS and 200 healthy control cases attending tertiary care set up of AIIMS, Patna during year 2017 and 2018. Pre-validated questionnaires like Short Form Health survey-36 were used for evaluating impact of PCOS in women. Multivariate analysis was applied for statistical analysis. In PCOS cases, socioeconomic status was comparable in comparison to healthy control. But, PCOS cases showed significantly decreased HRQOL. The higher age of menarche, irregular/delayed menstrual history, absence of child, were significantly altered in PCOS cases than control. Number of child, frequency of pregnancy, and miscarriage were also observed higher in PCOS cases. Furthermore, in various category of age, BMI, educational status and marital status, significant differences were observed in the different domain of SF-36 between PCOS and healthy control. Altogether, increased BMI, menstrual irregularities, educational status and marital status play a major role in altering HRQOL in PCOS cases and psychological care must be given during patient care.

To determine the incidence of endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer (EH/EC) in low-risk premenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) undergoing endometrial biopsy and to build a predictive model that includes clinical variables for predicting EH/EC in these women. MethodsThis retrospective study was conducted between January 2015 and March 2020. All premenopausal women aged <55 years with AUB who underwent endometrial sampling during a specified time period were included. Data regarding baseline characteristics, sonographic findings, and histological reports were collected from patient record sheets. ResultsDuring the specified time period, 1,089 premenopausal women underwent endometrial biopsy for AUB. Complete data analysis was done for 1,084 women. Of the endometrial samples, 95.3% revealed benign pathology, whereas 4.7% of the samples had major endometrial pathology EH/EC. On step-wise logistic regression analysis, intermenstrual bleeding (IMB) (OR, 3.15), body mass index (BMI) >25 (OR, 4.4705), age >40 years (OR, 1.14), endometrial thickness (ET) >13 mm (OR, 2.5), and hypothyroidism (OR, 1.3) were significantly associated with EH/EC. Considering the pretest probability for an EH/EC of 4.7%, this prediction model with a likelihood ratio of 14.2% demonstrated a post-test probability of 41% in the presence of the above-mentioned variables. ConclusionThe risk of EH/EC was lower in low-risk premenopausal women with AUB. However, premenopausal women with IMB aged >40 years, hypothyroidism, BMI >25, and thickened endometrium (ET >13 mm) are at high risk of EH/EC; therefore, endometrial biopsy should be considered early in their management plan.

Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifaceted endocrine disorder in reproductive age having a greater impact on health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The aim of this study was to find out PCOS demographics and its related HRQOL effects for improving psychological understanding in disease management. Materials and Methods: A prospective questionnaire-based study was conducted for a period of twelve months at All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India. The data of 100 PCOS cases were collected about socio-demographic status, clinical history, and dietary intake. Then, a validated PCOS questionnaire (PCOSQ) was used to observe the impact of PCOS symptoms on patients’ HRQOL. Results: The overall 57% and 48% of PCOS cases belonged to the age range of 20-30 years and had a body mass index (BMI) of >25-30, respectively. Based on the results, a significant difference was observed in the mean score of PCOSQ vs. marital status in PCOS cases with respect to emotion (P=0.039), body weight (P=0.002), and infertility (P=0.001). Furthermore, the result showed a significant difference in the domain of emotion (P=0.008), body hair (P=0.035), body weight (P<0.001), and infertility (P=0.018) among BMI group, and a high score was observed in the BMI group <18 in comparison to the other groups of BMI. Conclusions: In general, our findings indicated that infertility, emotions, and BMI had extremely higher impacts on the HRQOL of women suffering from PCOS although their educational status failed to affect HRQOL.

Xanthogranulomatous inflammation is a rare type of chronic inflammation. It destroys the tissue of the affected organ, mostly affecting the kidney and gall bladder. Xanthogranulomatous inflammation of female genital tract being a rare entity, only few numbered cases involving the ovary have been reported in literature. This chronic inflammation of fallopian tubes and ovaries, usually present with pelvic masses, and on imaging and macroscopic appearance, are mostly misdiagnosed as ovarian neoplasm or tuberculosis. We are presenting a case of 14-year-old girl, who presented with an abdominal lump and on clinical and radiological investigations was suspected as ovarian malignancy but histo-pathology reported it as serous cystadenoma with xanthogranulomaotus oophoritis. The rarity of this case lies in the fact that rare destructive inflammatory features was present in a benign neoplasm of the ovary (serous cystadenoma) and that too in a youngest age reported till now.

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