5′‐Nucleotidase from chicken gizzard smooth muscle has been extracted, using a sulfobetaine derivate of cholic acid, and purified to homogeneity by employing three chromatographic steps. It is shown that the purification scheme can be applied to 5′‐nucleotidase from other sources, such as rat liver. On sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels, stained with silver nitrate, the purified enzyme from chicken gizzard shows a single polypeptide band with an apparent molecular mass of 79 kDa. The enzyme purified from rat liver exhibits a molecular mass of 73 kDa in agreement with published data [Bailyes, E. M., Soos, M., Jackson, P., Newby, A. C., Siddle, K. & Luzio, J. P. (1984) Biochem. J. 221, 369–377). Gel filtration, using non‐denaturating detergent solutions, indicates that the native enzyme may exist as a homodimer (152 kDa) or homotetramer (310 kDa). Antibodies raised against the enzyme purified from chicken gizzard bind only 5′‐nucleotidase, solubilized from chicken muscular sources, when immobilized, but not from chicken or rat liver. The existence of tissue specific variants of 5′‐nucleotidase is therefore postulated and it appears that these particular isoforms can also be classified in membranous and secretory forms of 5′‐nucleotidase. They also differ in their mode of interaction with actin. The AMPase activity of the membranous (= muscular) isoform is inhibited to a considerably higher percentage by F‐actin than the enzyme isolated from rat liver.
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