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Two carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates producing the plasmid-encoded carbapenem-hydrolyzing OXA-48 were identified. These isolates, recovered from two patients hospitalized in two different hospitals in Tunisia in December 2010, were not clonally related. Molecular investigations showed that both isolates co-produced the narrow-spectrum β-lactamases TEM-1 and SHV-1, together with the extended-spectrum β-lactamase CTX--15.

This study demonstrates the first description of TEM-116 in the P. stuartii species in the world and the first one in a Tunisian hospital.

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A collection of 20 multidrug-resistant Providencia stuartii isolates recovered from 2005 to 2009 at the Military Hospital of Tunis, Tunisia, was analysed. They all expressed the extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) VEB-1a. The bla (VEB-1a) gene was plasmid-located and it was associated with complex genetic structures, including Re elements. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) revealed a clonal relationship between all of these isolates. This study identified a nosocomial dissemination of an ESBL-producing P. stuartii clone in a Tunisian hospital over a long period of time.

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Escherichia coli (E.coli) with a CTX-M resistance phenotype was selected from hospitalized patients in a university Hospital of Tunisia between January 2010 and June 2010. PCR analysis and sequencing demonstrated that it harboured CTX-M-14 β-lactamase. Characterization of the regions surrounding the bla(CTX-M-14) showed the ISEcp1 elements located in the upstream region of the bla gene. PFGE and multilocus sequence typing revealed two different types which corresponds to sequence types ST38 complex and ST131. These results reinforce the potential for spreading of this gene among E. coli clinical strains in the coming years in Tunisia.