This research aims to identify and analyze the frequency of the researched determinants and outcomes of absenteeism and thus create an extensive pool of knowledge that can be used for further research. A systematic review, based on Tranfield, Denyer, and Smart’s guidelines of 2003, was used. An electronic search of the Scopus database led to the inclusion of 388 peer-reviewed research articles. Finally, 100 top-quality articles were analyzed using content analysis. This article provides several starting points for practitioners and researchers when investigating absenteeism and its potential determinants and outcomes. It also shows that there is an evident imbalance between empirical research dealing with determinants and research dealing with absenteeism outcomes. Employee attitudes stand out among the most repetitive absenteeism causes, while turnover, organizational health, and loss of productivity are some of the most researched absenteeism outcomes. Most research takes place in the manufacturing industries, followed by hospitals and other public service organizations, banks, and insurance companies. This systematic literature review is the first known attempt of this kind of review of the causes and consequences of absence behavior. It covers a wide range of literature published from 1969 until today and includes more than 150 different absenteeism determinants and outcomes.

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NPOs as associations of citizens gather individuals with the same or similar interests who come together to solve some present social problem. While having positive impact on life quality of a particular community, in a tourist destination they potentially improve the diversity and quality of tourist offer. Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to determine the direct and indirect impact that NPO's activities have or may have on tourism, to point out the possibility of funding their work through tourism and that way increase the level of self-earned funds and decrease their dependence on public funds. Methodology -Direct and indirect impacts of NPOs on tourism have been delimited according to the scope of activity by Register of Associations (NPOs). Data of the number of registered NPOs were compared with the tourist traffic in four major Croatian destinations by using a simple linear regression model for each of the four destinations. The four models were estimated using the OLS method. Findings -The results show that the number of NPOs has a significant influence on tourism traffic (tourist arrivals). Future research should focus on the defining the models of NPOs' funding trough tourism in order to increase their financial sustainability. Originality of the research -This paper improves the existing knowledge with new theoretical contribution about the influence of NPOs in the field of tourism. The linkage between NPOs and tourism traffic was empirically tested on the sample of four major tourist destinations in Croatia. The paper provides the basis for NPO's board members for reconsidering their positon within the tourism system and finding innovative and creative ways of connecting their activities with tourism for funding purposes.

Employability in graduates is considered to be an outcome universities should seek to achieve. At the same time, scholars rarely differentiate between “graduateness as a state after the completion of a course, and employability as an assessment of the economic worth of a student at that time” (Glover, Law and Youngman, 2002:293). This paper aims to study employability in higher education from the employers’ and university teachers’ perspective. It highlights the most highly valued employability competencies and attributes, and paints an interesting picture of perceptions university teachers and employers have of employability characteristics. The empirical research incorporates 134 responses from employers from Croatian companies of all sizes, and 124 from University teachers from two Croatian universities: University of Rijeka and Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek. The results indicate that the university teachers and employers have similar views regarding employability characteristics, but view differently the knowledge, skills and attributes significant for employment and the contribution of higher education to the improvement of these attributes. The results point to the necessity of Croatian universities to cooperate and communicate more efficiently with employers and employer associations in developing courses, and delivering relevant subject content.

One of the greatest problems facing nonprofit organizations (NPOs) is the lack of funding, which directly jeopardises their work. NPOs working in tourist destinations have the opportunity of satisfying this need through tourism, by linking the objectives of their own activities to the objectives of tourist destinations. This article aims to establish whether NPOs working in tourism have capitalised on tourism as a means for increasing their own income. In other words, do NPOs that more frequently conduct tourism‐related activities have a higher level of financial sustainability, reflected in a higher share of income from self‐funding activities than from donations and grants? To this end, primary research was conducted using a questionnaire on a sample of 205 NPOs whose activities impact tourism and which operate in one of the four most developed tourist destinations in Croatia with regard to tourist traffic in the past 10 years (Poreč, Rovinj, Dubrovnik and Medulin). Research results indicate that an increase in the frequency of conducting activities directly impacting tourism is paralleled by an increase in the share of income generated by active self‐funding (income from selling products and providing services) and other types of self‐funding (income from memberships fees and assets), with a decrease in the share of income from donations and grants. This study contributes to the existing knowledge by connecting NPOs with the tourism system and by identifying and defining opportunities for NPO self‐funding through tourism as a means of improving NPO financial sustainability.