Co-registration This review is co-registered within both the Cochrane and Campbell Collaborations. A version of this review can also be found in the Cochrane Library. Keywords Contributions Karlsen conceived of the idea and commissioned the review. All reviewers were involved in planning the review. Smedslund wrote the methods section of the protocol. Karlsen and Smedslund wrote the background. Hammerstrøm developed the search strategy, performed the original searches and the final search in November 2010. All authors were involved with screening of studies. Smedslund and Berg did the risk of bias and data extraction. Berg and Smedslund graded the results. Smedslund did the analyses and wrote the results and discussion. Support/Funding Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services, Norway Potential Conflicts of Interest None.
Co-registration This review is co-registered within both the Cochrane and CampbellCollaborations. A version of this review can also be found in the Cochrane Library. KeywordsContributions Karlsen conceived of the idea and commissioned the review. All reviewers were involved in planning the review. Smedslund wrote the methods section of the protocol. Karlsen and Smedslund wrote the background. Hammerstrøm developed the search strategy, performed the original searches and the final search in November 2010. All authors were involved with screening of studies. Smedslund and Berg did the risk of bias and data extraction. Berg and Smedslund graded Motivational interviewing for substance abuse (Review)
BackgroundPoor nutritional status of patients with renal disease has been associated with worsening of renal function and poor health outcomes. Simply measuring weight and height for calculation of the body mass index does however not capture the true picture of nutritional status in these patients. Therefore, we measured nutritional status by BMI, body composition, waist circumference, dietary intake and nutritional screening in three groups of renal patients.MethodsPatients with chronic kidney disease not on renal replacement therapy (CKD stages 3–5, n = 112), after renal transplantation (n = 72) and patients treated with hemodialysis (n = 24) were recruited in a tertiary hospital in Bergen, Norway in a cross-sectional observational study. Dietary intake was assessed by a single 24 h recall. All patients underwent nutritional screening, anthropometric measurements, body composition measurement andfunctional measurements (hand grip strength). The prevalence of overweight and obesity, central obesity, sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity and nutritional risk was calculated.ResultsCentral obesity and sarcopenia were present in 49% and 35% of patients, respectively. 49% of patients with central obesity were normal weight or overweight according to their BMI. Factors associated with central obesity were a diagnosis of diabetes and increased fat mass, while factors associated with sarcopenia were age, female gender, number of medications. An increase in the BMI was associated with lower risk for sarcopenia.ConclusionCentral obesity and sarcopenia were present in renal patients at all disease stages. More attention to these unfavorable nutritional states is warranted in these patients.
Co-registration This review is co-registered within both the Cochrane and Campbell Collaborations. A version of this review can also be found in the Cochrane Library. Keywords Contributions Karlsen conceived of the idea and commissioned the review. All reviewers were involved in planning the review. Smedslund wrote the methods section of the protocol. Karlsen and Smedslund wrote the background. Hammerstrøm developed the search strategy, performed the original searches and the final search in November 2010. All authors were involved with screening of studies. Smedslund and Berg did the risk of bias and data extraction. Berg and Smedslund graded the results. Smedslund did the analyses and wrote the results and discussion. Support/Funding Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services, Norway Potential Conflicts of Interest None.
Background Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 is recommended as a screening tool to identify patients at risk of undernutrition for all patients in hospitals by the European Society of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. Nutritional risk is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in patients, and it is common among patients on haemodialysis. Factors associated with nutritional risk that could facilitate the screening/diagnostic procedures are warranted. Objectives Identification of factors that are associated with nutritional risk in patients with end‐stage renal disease treated with haemodialysis. Design and Participants Single‐centre, cross‐sectional study in patients receiving haemodialysis (n = 53) were screened for nutritional risk using Nutritional Risk Screening 2002. Associations were made with data on dietary intake by 24‐h dietary recall, and measurement of body composition, anthropometric measurements and biochemical variables. Results Nutritional risk was common among patients on haemodialysis (26%), and was associated with low energy and protein intake, and low pre‐albumin concentrations also after adjustments for age and sex. Nutritional risk was neither associated with diabetes nor duration of dialysis treatment. Conclusion Measurement of pre‐albumin and dietary assessment using a 24‐h dietary recall can support the identification of patients receiving haemodialysis at nutritional risk.
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