Leiomiomas são tumores benignos. Eles surgem no miométrio e contêm quantidade variável de tecido conjuntivo fibroso. Cerca de 75% dos casos são assintomáticos, encontrados ocasionalmente durante exame abdominal, pélvico bimanual ou ultra-sonografia. Os sintomas são relacionados diretamente ao tamanho, ao número e à localização dos miomas. Nessa revisão, são apresentadas as abordagens terapêuticas atuais clínicas (anticoncepcionais orais, progestágenos e antiprogestágenos, análogos do hormônio liberador das gonadotrofinas (GnRH), e antiinflamatórios não esteróides) e cirúrgicas (histerectomia, miomectomia e embolização) para o tratamento de leiomiomas.
Objectives: to compare phono-articulatory characteristics between women in reproductive age and postmenopause women.Methods: acoustic variations in vocal intonation, speed of the speech and the pause pattern were measured. Fourty five reproductive age women with regular menstrual cycles and taking no hormonal contraceptives and 45 postmenopause women receiving no hormonal replacement therapy for at least three years were interviewed and their verbal productions were recorded. Acoustic analyses were performed using the Kay Elemetrics Motor Speech Profile. Student's t test was employed to compare data between the two groups when they presented normal distribution, and Mann-Whitney test when they were asymmetrical.Results: the reduction on the rhythm and phonoarticulatory speed was more constant in the postmenopause group.Conclusions: a better understanding in this field will make possible to elaborate strategies to offer a better life quality for postmenopausal women, in special for those who use their voice professionally. Key words Voice, Postmenopause, Speech acoustics ResumoObjetivos: comparar as características fonoarticulatórias de mulheres no menacme e na pós-menopausa.Métodos: foram verificados parâmetros acústicos em tons de voz, sua estabilidade, modulações de entonações, ritmo e velocidade de fala. Quarenta e cinco mulheres na pós-menopausa há três anos ou mais e sem terapia de reposição hormonal e, quarenta e cinco mulheres no menacme, com ciclos menstruais regulares e sem medicação hormonal responderam um questionário e gravaram produções verbais. As análises acústicas foram realizadas com o programa Motor Speech Profile da Key Elemetrics. Utilizou-se o teste t de Student para resultados com distribuição gaussiana e o teste Mann-Whitney quando houve distribuição assimétrica.Resultados: no grupo pós-menopausa houve maior consistência na lentificação do ritmo e redução de velocidade fonoarticulatória.Conclusões: o melhor conhecimento nesta área permitirá a elaboração de estratégias para oferecer melhor qualidade de vida para mulheres na pós-menopausa, em especial para aquelas que utilizam a voz profissionalmente.Palavras-chave Voz, Pós-Menopausa, Acústica da fala
Introduction: Depression among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive individuals has been associated with reduced quality of life. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of depressive symptoms and HIV exposure on mean quality of life scores in HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative postpartum women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with two groups: 80 HIV-seropositive and 80 HIV-seronegative postpartum women. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and the World Health Organization Quality of Life short-version scale were used to assess presence of depressive symptoms and quality of life scores. Two-way analysis of variance was used to compare the effects of depressive symptoms, HIV exposure and interaction between depressive symptoms and HIV exposure on mean quality of life scores, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: Depressive symptoms were present in 35% (28) of HIV-seropositive and 17.5% (14) of HIV-seronegative participants (p = 0.02). The interaction between depressive symptoms and HIV exposure was not significant for any quality of life domain. The main effect of HIV exposure was also not significant. Depressive symptoms had a negative influence on quality of life scores in all domains (physical health, psychological health, social relationships and environment) (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The quality of life of pregnant women is negatively influenced by the presence of depressive symptoms.
obesity has shown to be an important risk factor for the surgery failure in the first follow-up year. Results show that patients with BMI>30 have 3.7 times more chance of being non-continent one-year after Burch's surgery than non-obese patients.
RESUMOIntrodução: pacientes em amenorréia primária com disgenesia gonadal têm níveis elevados de gonadotrofinas e necessitam de avaliação cromossômica. O estudo citogenético (cariótipo) pode ser realizado na gônada ou no sangue periférico. Nos casos de amenorréia primária sem sinal de virilização, a necessidade de investigação adicional do cariótipo da gônada não está estabelecida. Objetivo: revisar os cariótipos de gônadas (ovários) de mulheres com amenorréia primária e compará-los com os resultados do cariótipo no sangue periférico, relacionando-os às características fenotípicas das pacientes. ABSTRACT Background: patients with primary amenorrhea and gonadal dysgenesia have higher serum gonadotrophins and should be submitted to chromosome studies. Karyotype studies may be performed in gonadal tissue or peripheral blood however, it is not yet established if cases of primary amenorrhea without signs of virilization need additional investigation of gonadal karyotype. Purpose: to analize the gonadal karyotypes (ovaries) from patients with primary amenorrhea and compare them to their respective peripheral blood karyotypes. Methods: clinical and karyotype data of 12 patients were retrospectively analyzed from January 1997 to December 2003. Results: when the investigation was indicated for primary amenorrhea without signs of virilization, the gonadal and peripheral blood karyotypes were concordant in 8 cases (7 cases 46XX and 1 case 46XY). One patient with virilization signs was the only case of discordant karyotype. Conclusion: the present study suggests that the gonadal karyotype does not bring additional information to peripheral blood karyotype in patients with amenorrhea and no signs of virilization. Although all previous studies had a small number of patients, it seems advisable to investigate the gonadal karyotype in patients with signs of virilization. The cost-benefit analysis could allow cost and stress reduction for patients, family and institutions.
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