No abstract

In contrast to its macrophage-activating capacity, IFN-'y downregulates expression of the macrophage mannose receptor (MMR), which mediates uptake ofCandida and other microorganisms. We found that IFN-"y induced a concentration-dependent increase in the capacity ofhuman monocyte-derived macrophages to ingest and kill both opsonized and unopsonized Candida albicans and to release superoxide anion upon stimulation with Candida. Mannan or mannosylated albumin inhibited this activated uptake of unopsonized Candida, but glucan did not. Addition of mAb to complement receptor (CR) 3 did not inhibit ingestion; macrophages that lacked CR3 (leukocyte adhesion defect) showed normal upregulation of ingestion by IFN-,y. The Invest. 1993Invest. . 91:2596Invest. -2601

The substance P (SP)-preferring receptor neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) has two forms: a full-length receptor consisting of 407 aa and a truncated receptor consisting of 311 aa. These two receptors differ in the length of the C terminus of NK-1R. We studied the undifferentiated and phorbol myristate acetate (

A role for protein kinase C (PKC) isotypes is implicated in the activation of phagocytic cell functions. An antisense approach was used to selectively deplete ␤-PKC, both ␤I-and ␤II-PKC, but not ␣-PKC, ␦-PKC, or -PKC in HL60 cells differentiated to a neutrophil-like phenotype (dHL60 cells . generation, degranulation, adherence, and actin filament assembly (1-8). These functions are essential for the microbicidal activity of phagocytic cells and are also proinflammatory. PKC, a phospholipid-dependent family of serine/threonine kinases, acts in multiple signal transduction pathways. The cofactor requirements differ between different classes of PKC isotypes. Classical ␣-, ␤-, and ␥-PKC are acidic phospholipid, diglyceride (DG), and Ca 2ϩ -dependent; novel forms ␦-, ⑀-, -, and -PKC also require acidic phospholipid and DG, but are Ca 2ϩ independent. The atypical PKC isotypes, -and -PKC, require PS but are DG and Ca 2ϩ independent (9 -14). PKC isotypes differ in their tissue distribution and localization within the cell, suggesting that each isotype plays a specific role in signal transduction.Neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, and dHL60 cells contain multiple isotypes of PKC, including Ca 2ϩ -dependent isotypes ␣-PKC, ␤I-PKC, and ␤II-PKC, Ca 2ϩ