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To evaluate the effect of an educational intervention on knowledge about hand hygiene in nursing students. Method: Quasi-experimental study of the pre-and post-intervention type, carried out with 23 nursing students. Knowledge about hand hygiene was evaluated using a form containing questions about the subject. In addition, a theoretical and practical 1. er Trimestre 2019 • Año XXIII-N.° 53 Conclusions: The educational intervention performed in this study proved to be efficient in improving knowledge about hand hygiene.

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reported that women had 40% to 60% higher overall injury rate, more than double the risk for fractures and 80% increased risk for hospitalization due to fall injury 4,5 . Falls are also associated with tremendous economic burden. In the United States, the direct medical costs for falls are estimated to be $50 billion per year 6 , where the expenses among women approximately 71% of the total medical costs 7 .Falls have a multifactorial etiology and muscle weakness AbstractObjectives: To assess the association between poor handgrip strength (HGS) determined by clinical criterion and incidence of falls in older women. Methods: The cohort included 195 women (68.1±6.2 years) who were assessed for HGS (Jamar Dynamometer) at baseline and were prospectively followed for 18 months. FNIH Sarcopenia threshold of HGS adjusted for body mass index (<0.56) was used for clinical determination of poor HGS. Association between poor HGS and incidence of falls was analyzed using Cox hazard models in the total cohort and in a stratified analysis by balance status. Results: During the follow-up, 53 (27%) women experienced at least one fall. In a multivariable model, poor HGS was associated with approximately 3-fold increased risk for falls [Hazard Ratio (HR)=2.73, 95% Confidence Interval (CI)=1.28-5.82, p=0.009]. In a stratified analysis, women with impaired balance exhibited even greater risk for falls (HR=3.85, 95%CI=1.47-10.12, p=0.011), although no association was found in women with normal balance (p=0.459). Conclusions: Poor HGS based on clinical criterion is independently associated with higher risk of falls in older women, particularly in those with impaired balance. These results suggest potential prognostic value of FNIH Sarcopenia threshold for risk stratification and referring high-risk individuals to fall prevention programs.

Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can infect the kidney and the presence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) constitutes a higher risk of negative prognosis. SARS-CoV-2 main sequelae in CKD patients are an incomplete recovery of kidney function, muscle weakness and atrophy, breathiness, tiredness, pulmonary fibrosis, and initiation of kidney replacement therapy. The overall aim of this review is to provide a theoretical basis for early improvements of physical function health to all CKD stages by rehabilitation therapies. Conclusion Chronic kidney disease patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 should be monitored by rehabilitation professionals as the cardiopulmonary, musculoskeletal, and cognitive systems might be deteriorated. Long-term consequences of SARS-CoV-2 are unknown and preventive rehabilitation may attenuate them.

The ‘paediatric inactivity triad’ (PIT) framework consists of three complex inter-related conditions that influence physical inactivity and related health risks. In those living with chronic kidney disease (CKD), a multi-factorial milieu of components likely confound the PIT elements, resulting in a cycle of decreased physical functioning and reduced physical activity. In this review, we explore and summarize previous research on each of the three principal PIT components (exercise deficit disorder, dynapenia, and physical illiteracy) in the pediatric CKD population. We found those living with CKD are significantly physically inactive compared to their peers. Physical inactivity occurs early in the disease process and progressively gets worse as disease burden increases. Although physical activity appears to increase post-transplantation, it remains lower compared to healthy controls. There is limited evidence on interventions to increase physical activity behaviour in this population, and those that have attempted have had negligible effects. Studies reported profound reductions in muscle strength, physical performance, and cardiorespiratory fitness. A small number of exercise-based interventions have shown favourable improvements in physical function and cardiorespiratory fitness, although small sample sizes and methodological issues preclude the generalization of findings. Physical activity must be adapted and individualized to the needs and goals of the children, particularly those with acute and chronic medical needs as is the case in CKD, and further work is needed to define optimal interventions across the life course in this population if we aim to prevent physical activity declining further.

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