This study was conducted to produce rice malt suitable for beer brewing. An all-rice beer would be particularly appealing to individuals with celiac disease because rice does not contain gluten proteins. Furthermore, rice malt could also contribute to new beer flavors and brands. A screening of 10 rice varieties was conducted. The varieties Balilla and Centauro were found to be suitable for the production of an all-rice malt beer without the need of exogenous enzymes. They were characterized by a low diastatic power but nevertheless they saccharified well, likely due to other endogenous amylolytic enzymes such as limit dextrinase and α-glucosidase. The addition of CaCl2 and lactic acid during mashing lowered the pH value and increased saccharification. However, the Balilla variety saccharified without the need of these additives. We also show that the soluble nitrogen and free amino nitrogen content of rice malt wort can be increased by the incorporation of the acrospires and rootlets during mashing.
Derivative Potentiometric-Stripping Analysis (dPSA) is described as an inexpensive and rapid method for the determination of Cu(II) in beer. Beer samples were analysed directly after degassing and addition of the analytical reagents (hydrochloric acid, mercury(II) chloride, and potassium metabisulfite). It was not necessary to digest the sample. During dPSA the metal ions are deposited on a glassy carbon-working electrode and then stripped by a suitable oxidant. Quantitative analysis was carried out by the method of standard additions. The recovery of the method was tested by adding 50 µg L -1 , 75 µg L -1 and 100 µg L -1 of Cu(II) (as Cu(II) chloride solution) to the beer. The mean recoveries of Cu(II) ranged from 95 ± 5% to 98 ± 2%. The reproducibility was evaluated by three repetitive analyses for each sample and the standard deviation ranged from 0.6 µg L -1 to 5.5 µg L -1 . The detection limit was 0.8 µg L -1 . The Cu(II) concentration determined in seven beer samples ranged from 28 µg L -1 to 48 µg L -1 and the results obtained were not significantly different from those obtained by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS).
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