Plant root systems form complex networks with the surrounding soil environment and are controlled by both
internal and external factors. To better understand the function of root tips of soybean during germination, three proteomic
techniques were used to analyze the protein profiles of root tip cells. Proteins were extracted from the root tips of 4-dayold
soybean seedlings and analyzed using two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis-based proteomics, SDS-gel based
proteomics, and gel-free proteomics techniques. A total of 121, 862, and 341 proteins were identified in root tips using the
2D gel-based, SDS gel-based, and gel-free proteomic techniques, respectively. The proteins identified by 2D gel-based
proteomic analysis were predominantly localized in the cytoplasm, whereas nuclear-localized proteins were most commonly
identified by the SDS gel-based and gel-free proteomics techniques. Of the 862 proteins identified in the SDS gelbased
proteomic analysis, 190 were protein synthesis-related proteins. Furthermore, 24 proteins identified using the 2Dgel
based proteomic technique shifted between acidic and basic isoelectric points, and 2 proteins, heat shock protein 70.2
and AAA-type ATPase, displayed two different molecular weights at the same isoelectric point. Taken together, these results
suggest that a number of proteins related to protein synthesis and modification are activated in the root tips of soybean
seedlings during germination.
In this study, to clarify the function of PoPLC-β1, in response to stress challenge, we examined the PoPLC-β1 expression pattern in response to external stress (pathogen-associated molecular pathogen challenge and environmental challenge including temperature and salinity). PoPLC-β1 expression analysis of tissue from olive flounder showed that the messenger RNA (mRNA) was predominantly expressed in the brain, heart, eye, liver, spleen, and stomach. We also tested the mRNA expression of the PoPLC-β1 in the spleen and kidney of olive flounder by RT-PCR and real-time PCR following stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), concanavalin A (ConA), or polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (PolyI:C) and compared with the inflammatory cytokines IL-1b and IL-6 in the stimulated flounder tissues. Each of the spleen and kidney and mRNA transcripts of PoPLC-β1 were increased 30-and 10-fold than normal tissue at 1-6 h post injection (HPI) with PolyI:C when the expression of PoPLC-β1 transcript was similar to LPS and ConA. We also tested the expression of PoPLC-β1 in response to temperature and salinity stress. The expression of PoPLC-β1 also was affected by temperature and salinity stress. Our results provide clear evidence that the olive flounder PLC-β1 signal pathways may play a critical role in immune function at the cellular level and in inflammation reactions. In addition, PLC-β1 appears to act as an oxidative-stress suppressor to prevent cell damage in fish.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.