No abstract

Cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2021 to August 2022, to investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors of bovine tuberculosis in cattle in selected districts of Fafan zone. The prevalence was 11.24% (95% CI, 8.61-14.35) and 43.3% (95% CI, 33.27-53.75) at individual and herd level respectively. There were statistically significant differences in proportions of positive reactor animals among body condition score (χ2 = 47.9, P = 0.000), Age (χ2 =6.0937, P=0.048), Seasonal migration (χ2=4.320, P=0.038), parity number (χ2 = 10.62, P = 0.005), reproductive status (χ2 = 4.36, P = 0.037). Animals with poor body condition scores had a significantly higher likelihood of testing positive, with their odds being 11.4 times greater (COR=11.408, CI=3.43-37.94, P<0.001). Conversely, a good body condition score was linked to a decreased risk of infection. In multivariate logistic regression poor body condition score remained significantly associated with the odds of reacting positive for tuberculosis (AOR=0.137, CI=0.053-0.356, P<0.001). Similarly, the analysis showed that seasonal migration (AOR=2.935, CI=1.152-7.481, P=0.024), and parity number (AOR=11.91, CI=1.828-77.62, P=0.010), were significant predictors of bovine tuberculosis infection in cattle. According to questionnaire, 14.2% (17 of 120) and 13.3% (16 of 120) of the respondents were knowledgeable about bovine tuberculosis and its transmission from animal to human and vice versa, respectively. The general judgment of herders' understanding of bovine tuberculosis transmission methods to humans was very low. Study findings show high prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in the study area, emphasizing the need for an effective control strategy.

Cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2021 to August 2022, to investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors of bovine tuberculosis in cattle in selected districts of Fafan zone. The prevalence was 11.24% (95% CI, 8.61–14.35) and 43.3% (95% CI, 33.27–53.75) at individual and herd level respectively. There were statistically significant differences in proportions of positive reactor animals among body condition score (χ2 = 47.9, P = 0.000), Age (χ2 = 6.0937, P = 0.048), Seasonal migration (χ2 = 4.320, P = 0.038), parity number (χ2 = 10.62, P = 0.005), reproductive status (χ2 = 4.36, P = 0.037). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that animal with poor body condition score was more likely to react positive than those in good body condition score adjusted (OR = 0.163; CI = 0.0679 -0.390). Moreover, seasonally migrating cattle had 2.787 times the odds of being tuberculin reactors compared with those non migrating cattle (adjusted OR = 2.787; CI = 1.221–6.358). According to questionnaire, 14.2% (17 of 120) and 13.3% (16 of 120) of the respondents were knowledgeable about bovine tuberculosis and its transmission from animal to human and vice versa, respectively. The general judgment of herders' understanding of BTB transmission methods to humans was very low. This finding provides relatively high prevalence of BTB in cattle at the study area and highlights the need for a practicable control strategy of the disease in the region.

No abstract

Cross-sectional study was carried out to estimate prevalence and intensity of major gastrointestinal helminthes affecting camels in Jigjiga and Gursum districts of Fafan zone. Collected fecal samples were subjected to flotation and sedimentation techniques. McMaster counting techniques was used to determine burden of GIT infestation. 77.3% examined camels were found positive for GIT parasites. Strongyle spp. (61.3%) were the predominant parasite followed by Strongyloid spp. (25.6%), Trichuris spp. (15.5%) and Monezia spp. (8.4%). Except sex of the animal all the assumed risk factors were obtained significantly different in GIT prevalence. This study revealed that female camels excreted significantly (P < 0.05) more egg count in their faeces than males. Similarly, statistically significant differences in mean eggs per gram of faeces were observed among other risk factors. The current study exposed that gastrointestinal helminthes are significant health constraint that affects the health and productivity of the camels in pastoral areas of Fafan zone.