This qualitative ethnographic study attempts to seek deep insides into the older construction Workers’ perceptions of problems generate due to construction work. This study involves 23 aged construction laborers from south Punjab. The data were generated through detailed face to face interviews with the participants. This study employs thematic analysis to draw insights from the gained perceptions through interviews. The four themes that emerged from the thematic analysis are: degradation of health due to construction work; laborers’ dissatisfaction with construction work; inconsistency of livelihood in construction work; and restricted socially active life due to construction work. This study recommends that future research should be focused on the comparative analysis of charter international labor rights and the organizational rules under which the construction labor works
This study attempts to generate new insights into the wide spread online and offline conspiratorial discourse on COVID-19. Twofold analytical lens consisted of narrative interrelations framework and content analysis showed how the linguistic resources and conversational such as popular socio-religious discourses, hypothetical narratives, personal narratives, personal mental archives, and interpolated arguments are integrated in the interpretation of intertextual Bases such as Bill Gates’ TED talk 2015 (26%); Nematullah Wali’s predictions (32%); ‘End of Days’ book by Sylvia Browne (14.9%); and ‘The Eyes of Darkness’ novel by Dean Koontz (22%) by which the conspiracists in Pakistan construct an internally persuasive discourse promoting conspiracy theories on COVID-19. Several linguistic resources such as mood, modality, topicalization, insinuation, and intertextuality emerged as the main tools of making the conspiracy theories internally persuasive.
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