Vascular injuries provide a significant challenge to emergency room staff because they call for quick action to avert loss of life or limb. Sometimes only modest or latent indications or symptoms of significant vascular damage are present. The patient may show signs of vascular insufficiency, embolization, pseudoaneurysm, arteriovenous fistula, etc., weeks or months after the initial damage. Although gunshot wounds, stabbings, and blast injuries account for the majority of vascular injuries, patients who have displaced long bone fractures, crush injuries, prolonged immobilization in a fixed position due to tight casts or bandages, and various invasive procedures should be evaluated for the possibility of vascular injury. Further investigations are required to help identify risk variables that might put a patient at more risk of suffering harm than benefiting from an intervention.
According to some estimates, haemorrhoids afflict up to one-quarter of all individuals. There are numerous methods available to manage them, ranging from topical and medicinal medicines to outpatient treatments and surgical techniques to repair or excise. Given the disease's polysymptomaticism, determining which therapy choice is optimal is tough. Hemorrhoid disease treatment is one of the most difficult fields in general surgery, with various approaches utilised to cure this illness. In this research, we contrasted Hemorrhoidectomy verses Rubber Band Ligation results of treatment methods for hemorrhoids. Review the effectiveness and safety of the two most often used conventional treatments for haemorrhoids, rubber band ligation and excisional haemorrhoidectomy, and compare between the clinical results for both procedures. The PubMed database and EBSCO Information Services were utilized to choose the articles. In this review, all pertinent articles related to both our topic and other articles were used. Other articles that have nothing to do with this subject were not included. The group members looked through a certain format in which the data had been extracted. Internal hemorrhoid is a common pathological anorectal appearance, although it is a difficult condition to treat. Internal haemorrhoids symptoms and indicators should be thoroughly explored, as should clinical grading. Individual thinking and clinical considerations should influence the various possibilities for managing internal haemorrhoids and specific therapeutic approaches. At first, lifestyle changes should be made, such as consuming a high-fiber diet, developing sane bathroom routines, and administering phlebotropic drugs. When alternative treatments don't work, surgical methods and outpatient procedures should be used. Therapy management such as Hemorrhoidectomy or Rubber Band Ligation is critical to preventing future consequences from internal haemorrhoids.
Rectal prolapse procidentia is an intussusception of the whole rectal wall through the anal canal, resulting in a portion of the rectum staying periodically or occasionally permanently distal to the anus. Full-thickness prolapse and partial-thickness prolapse are the two kinds of rectal prolapse. Rectal prolapse procidentia is an intussusception of the whole rectal wall through the anal canal, resulting in a portion of the rectum staying periodically or occasionally permanently distal to the anus. It is more frequent in older females. Rectal prolapse was first recorded on papyrus circa 1500 BC. Hippocrates described rectal prolapse therapy as hanging patient’s upside down from a tree, putting sodium hydroxide to the mucosa, and fixing for three days. Today, is mostly treated surgically. Perineal surgical repairs are typically well tolerated; however, they are linked with a greater incidence of recurrence. Abdominal repairs, however, have the lowest recurrence rates. The goal of therapy is to remove the prolapse, cure any related incontinence or constipation issues, and avoid de novo bowel dysfunction. When compared to laparotomy, laparoscopic rectopexy offers fewer side effects, a shorter hospital stays, faster healing, and quicker return to work. This review aims to assess recent updates on different surgical approaches for management of rectal prolapse.
Small intestinal benign tumours are uncommon clinical conditions that frequently go asymptomatic for the entirety of a patient's life. The small bowel contains only a tiny number of primary neoplasms, while making up most of the surface area and most of the length of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. There are the following subtypes: Hyperplastic polyps, hamartomas, adenoma, stromal tumours, lipomas, hemangiomas, and patients who have Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. Clinically, speaking, benign small-bowel lesions are distinguished by the absence of distinguishing symptoms. Up to the proximal duodenum lesions can be diagnosed with enteroscopy. Push or double-balloon enteroscopy methods can be used to reach the GI tract beyond the ligament of Treitz. The sole method of treatment for those who have small bowel adenocarcinoma is surgery. The majority of research state that between 40 and 65 percent of patients lend themselves to curative resection. The utilisation of laparoscopic surgery (LS) for small intestine gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) has expanded with the introduction of LS. There is currently no evidence to suggest a statistically significant difference between LS and open surgery in terms of prognosis. This review aims to summarize evaluation and management of benign neoplasms of the small intestine.
Mesenteric ischemia is a condition in which the amount of oxygen available is insufficient to meet the needs of the intestines. The small intestine, colon, or both can be affected by ischemia. The most common cause of occlusive ischemia is an abrupt obstruction of a major artery, which causes a considerable drop in intestinal blood flow. Early diagnosis is one of the most essential components in achieving a favorable outcome. The most prevalent treatment is surgical management. However, there are minimally invasive therapy alternatives that have been shown in observational studies. For arterial thrombosis, endovascular stenting is an option, and anticoagulation is an option for venous thrombosis. Endovascular aspiration, mechanical embolectomy, and local thrombolysis are all possibilities for patients with arterial embolism.
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