Anaplasmosis is a tick-borne disease of ruminants and wild animals that caused by an intra erythrocytic bacterium, Anaplasma marginale. Under natural conditions, camels become infected in areas where the disease is endemic. Camels that survive from acute infection become carriers because of the capability of these bacteria to deception the immune system using antigenic variations. Although, several serological methods were concerned for Anaplasma marginale IgG antibodies detection, but the competitive indirect ELISA test was more sensitivity and specificity. The present study was conducted at Al-Najaf and Wasit provinces on 120 camels, selected randomly from both sexes and divided into two aged groups. The total sero positivity prevalence was (10.83%); and depending on provincial basis was (8.57%) in Al-Najaf and (14%) in Wasit provinces. Clinically, the sero positive prevalence two age groups (<5 and >5 years old) had (6.67%) and (15%), respectively. No significant differences (P<0.005) were encountered in sero positive camels in related to sex and vital signs (temperature, respiratory and heart rates), emaciation and paleness of the mucous membrane, while the rough hair coat and presence of ticks encountered a significant difference (P< 0.05).

Bovine anaplasmosis is one of the tick-borne diseases caused by Anaplasma marginale bacteria which can cause high economic losses to livestock. Cattle that recovered from acute infection become carriers without clinical signs related to the disease and these bacteria can persist for lifetime in the blood. The present study was conducted to detect antibodies of persistently infected cattle with A. marginale in Wasit province/ Iraq. A total of 100 blood samples were collected randomly from cattle over one year old. Blood smears were prepared, stained with Giemsa,s stain and subjected to microscopic examination for detection of Anaplasma marginale bacteria within an infected RBCs, while serum samples were tested by a competitive enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay test (cELISA) for detection of antibodies in persistently infected cases . Mythic 18 Vet system was used as blood analysis for blood parameters measurement. Results of blood smear examination revealed 13 acute cases, while ELISA detected 35% of carriers. Whereas, the hematological parameters showed that the acutely infected cattle had the macrocytic hypochromic anemia, the persistently infected cattle displaed the microcytic hypochromic and the normocytic hypochromic anemia. Results of blood analysis revealed a significant difference (P˂0.05) in hematological parameters of acute and chronic cases. It has been concluded that cELISA is a reliable screening test for detection of antibodies specific to Anaplasma marginale bacteria.

The main aim of present study was to identify the seroprevalence of N. caninum infections in cattle of some districts in Wasit province using a serological test (indirect-ELISA), and confirmation of seropositive results by a molecular PCR. In this study, the blood samples and epidemiological required data were collected from 327 animals during a period of September 2015 to May 2016. The overall results were revealed that 27.22% and 12.36% of study's cattle were positives with indirect ELISA and PCR, respectively. Regarding to the epidemiological risk factors submitted for this study; the prevalence of seropositive rates was reported a statistically variable results. Among district factor, the seropositive results were 36.28%, 27.88%, 17.31% and 26.53% in Al-Azizyah, Al-Numaniyah, Al-Kut and Al-Hay districts, respectively. According to age factor, it was 18.58% and 31.78% in  3 years and  3years groups, respectively; while in sex factor, males were reported 24.53% and females 27.74%. Relating to reproductive statement factor, the positive infections were 30.99% and 21.97% in aborted and non-aborted cows, respectively. Whereas in productivity nature factor; it was 38.24% and 19.37% in dairy and beef cattle, respectively.

This study was aimed to evaluate the prevalence of brucellosis in camel by using of Rose-Bengal test (RBT), Standard-tube agglutination test (STAT) and competitive Enzyme-Linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA) for first time in Iraq. From some regions of Al-Qadisiyah governorate, a totally of 148 camels from both sexes were submitted for collection of blood samples, and the overall results showed that 8.78%, 4.1%, and 12.84% of camels were seropositives by RBT, STAT and c-ELISA, respectively. In addition, the cross-classification results have been discussed as follow: by both c-ELISA and RBT, the seropositive result was 7.43%, while, 5.41% by c-ELISA and 1.35% by RBT, only. Whereas, the positive result was 4.1% by both c-ELISA and STAT, while, 8.78% positive camels by c-ELISA, only. In regarding to sex factor, the positive results in female camels were 9.92%, 4.96% and 13.22%; while in males, they were 3.7%, 0% and 11.11% by RBT, STAT and c-ELISA. In association to age factor,  4 years group were reported 13.85%, 7.69% and 18.46%, while in 1-4 years group, they were 4.82%, 1.2% and 8.43% seropositive camels by RBT, STAT and c-ELISA, respectively. Statistically, the significant difference (P0.05) was reported among the total positive results and within the cross-classification results for applied serological tests. Also, the female camels were showed an infection rate more than males by RBT and STAT, whereas, both sexes were at a similar level of infection by c-ELISA. As well as,  4 years group were revealed on a high prevalence rate than 1-4 years group by all assays.