A new species, Phlebopus spongiosus, is described with a peculiar sponge-like tissue in which the hollow spaces in the tubes are filled in by pleurocystidia-like elements, and a thin membrane of dissepiments encloses the immature pores. It occurs in citrus orchards (Citrus maxima) in southern Vietnam.

Two new species and one new variety of Agaricales are described and illustrated from central Honshu, Japan: Clitocybe trogioides var. odorifera var. nov. (subgenus Cystoclitus section Cystoclitus), forming white, infundibuliform basidiomata, was collected from leaf litter in the Quercus-Pasania forests; Gerronema nemorale sp. nov. (section Xanthophylla), forming small, olivaceous, omphalinoid basidiomata, was found on dead fallen twigs in the Quercus-Pasania forests; Psathyrella cineraria sp. nov. (subgenus Mycophylla section Argillosporae), forming basidiomata covered by detersile, dark grey, fibrillose-squamulose veil, was found on decayed wood of Quercus myrsinaefolia.

Five new species of the Boletaceae (Agaricales) from Japan are described and illustrated: (1) Boletus bannaensis sp. nov. (section Luridi), forming a grayish-brown pileus and rufescent fl esh, found in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests; (2) Leccinum rhodoporosum sp. nov., forming discolorous red pores, a whitish stipe covered overall with violet-brown to blackish-brown furfuraceous scales and fusoid-cylindrical brown basidiospores, found in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests or warm-temperate Quercus-Pinus forests; (3) Pulveroboletus brunneoscabrosus sp. nov., forming a lemon-yellow pulverulent basidiomata covered overall with orange to brownish-orange appressed scales, found in subtropical to warm temperate evergreen broad-leaved forests; (4) Rubinoboletus monstrosus sp. nov., forming a brownish-orange to yellowish-brown pileus and a very short, nonreticulate, hollow stipe, found in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests; and (5) Tylopilus fuligineoviolaceus sp. nov., having a deep violet to blackish-brown pileus and brunnescent hymenophore, found in warm temperate Quercus-Castanopsis forests.

Boletus kermesinus, a new species of Boletus section Luridi, is fully described and illustrated based on the materials collected in subalpine coniferous forests of central Honshu, Japan. It has distinctive features of darkred basidiomata having distinct viscidity in the pileus surface, usually unchanging flesh, discolorous red pores, and an entirely reticulate stipe becoming coarsely laceraterimose with age.Keywords Boletales Á Japanese mycobiota Á Taxonomy Boletus section Luridi Fr. is well delimited in the genus macromorphologically in the boletoid habit, the small, often discolored, pores, and the reticulate or finely furfuraceous stipe surface (Singer 1986). The species of the section Luridi are mainly distributed in North America

Four new species of Crinipellis and Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycetes) in eastern Honshu, Japan, are described and illustrated: (1) Crinipellis conchata sp. nov. (section Excentricinae), forming a conchate pileus and a strongly excentric, short stipe, was found on a dead twig of Trachelospermum asiaticum in Mt. Takao, Tokyo; (2) Marasmius funalis sp. nov. (section Androsacei), forming a densely white-hispid, dark brown stipe bearing numerous setiform caulocystidia, was found on a dead twig of Cryptomeria japonica or on leaf litter in Tokyo and Kanagawa;(3) Marasmius maculosus sp. nov. (section Sicci), having a relatively large, reddish-brown pileus distinctly mottled with pale colored spots and Siccus-type cheilocystidia and pileipellis cells with relatively long setulae, was found on leaf litter in the lowland forest of Kanagawa and Chiba; and (4) Marasmius sasicola sp. nov. (section Marasmius), having a small, plicate-sulcate pileus, a filiform, wiry, blackish stipe, collariate lamellae, and Siccus-type cheilocystidia and pileipellis elements, was found on fallen dead leaves of grass bamboo in Kanagawa.

Three new species of Crinipellis (Agaricales, Basidiomycetes) in Japan are described and illustrated: Crinipellis canescens sp. nov., forming small, canescent basidiomata, was found on a dead fallen twig in the subtropical laurelleaved forest of Iriomote Island (southwestern Japan); Crinipellis corvina sp. nov., forming fibrillose-strigose, purplish black hairs enveloping the whole basidioma, was found on bark of Torreya nucifera in Mt. Takao, Tokyo; Crinipellis nigricaulis sp. nov., having a reddish brown pileus with a minute, black papilla and a blackish stipe accompanied by blackish, branched rhizomorphs, was found on leaf litter in the lowland forest of Kanagawa.

The genus Singerocybe (Tricholomataceae, Agaricales, Basidiomycota) has been the subject of controversy since its proposal in 1988. Its taxonomic foundation, species circumscription and geographical distribution have not yet been examined with molecular sequence data. In this study phylogenetic analyses on this group of fungi were conducted based on collections from Europe, eastern Asia, southern Asia, North America and Australia, with four nuclear markers, ITS, nrLSU, tef1-α and rpb2. Molecular phylogenetic analyses, together with morphological observations, strongly support Singerocybe as a monophyletic group and identify the vesicles in the pileal and stipe cuticle as a synapomorphy of this genus. Seven species are recognized in the genus, including one new species and four new combinations. Clitocybe trogioides and Clitocybe trogioides var. odorifera are synonyms of Singerocybe humilis and Singerocybe alboinfundibuliformis respectively. Most of these species are geographically restricted in their distributions. Furthermore our study expands the distribution range of Singerocybe from the North Temperate Zone to Australia (Tasmania) and tropical southern Asia.

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