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BoNTA (Ipsen) migrates more than BoNTA (Allergan) under the conditions described. The lower potential of BoNTA (Allergan) to migrate promotes more precise localization of clinical effects, thereby helping to optimize the risk/benefit ratio.

Background and Objectives: Thermo-mechanical fractional injury (TMFI) therapy (Tixel®; Novoxel®, Netanya, Israel) is an innovative technology. Along with its drug delivery enhancement features, it is widely used for facial skin rejuvenation. Our study explores the beneficial effect of the Tixel® on the different features of facial skin rejuvenation along with patients′ satisfaction rate, aiming to suggest practical recommendations for an optimal aesthetic result. Study Design/Materials and Methods: A retrospective chart review of 24 patients (20 women, 4 men, average age 56 years old) with skin types II-V who received 2 or 3 Tixel® treatments, 3-5 weeks apart in two medical centers (12 from Israel, 12 from the United Kingdom). Four experienced dermatologists compared standardized clinical photographs taken before each treatment and 3 months after the final treatment based on seven parameters that were set by 10 physicians and rated the difference on a scale of −1 to 4. Furthermore, epidemiology, treatment data, satisfaction, and safety were reviewed. Results: Out of the seven parameters that were compared (blood vessels and erythema, skin complexion, periorbital wrinkles, pigmentation and toning, pore size, vitality, wrinkles, and laxity), all features demonstrated an overall improvement, with the greatest improvement demonstrated in skin complexion (2.1± 0.49) and periorbital wrinkling (2.09 ± 0.65) followed by vitality (1.7 ± 0.49). Side effects were transient, including erythema and hyperpigmentation, and the average downtime was 1.7 days. Conclusion: TMFI is a safe and effective method for improving facial skin quality. Addressing patient′s expectations while maximizing the benefits of this novel technology will provide superior aesthetical results.

The results of this study show that the erythema meter and the infrared thermometer are effective tools to objectively measure mild inflammation post-HA injection.

Aging of the skin incorporates textural changes, wrinkles, and pigmentation. Treatment options for skin photoaging are plentiful and include chemical peels and energy-based devices such as ablative and non-ablative fractional laser devices and radiofrequency-based devices. [1][2][3][4] The fact that there are so many treatments suggest that none are perfect and there is a continuing development of new treatments that can improve the effectiveness and/ or safety of existing treatments.

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alopecia (Fig. 1a). This began 4 years prior to our evaluation, and was progressive despite prior treatment with dapsone, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin and isotretinoin. A skin biopsy from