A sterile urine culture does not rule out the stent itself being colonized. Therefore, patients with indwelling ureteral stents and a sterile urine culture may benefit from prophylactic antibiotic treatment prior to endourologic procedures. The prophylactic regimen must provide coverage for common gram-negative uropathogens as well as gram-positive bacteria, including enterococci.

Background To compare quality of life (QoL) indices between ureteral stent (DJS) and nephrostomy tube (PCN) inserted in the setting of acute ureteral obstruction. Methods Prospective bi-centered study. Over the span of 2 years, 45 DJS and 30 PCN patients were recruited. Quality of life was assessed by 2 questionnaires, EuroQol EQ-5D and ‘Tube symptoms’ questionnaire, at 2 time points (at discharge after drainage and before definitive treatment). Results Patients’ demographics and pre-drainage data were similar. There were no clinically significant differences in patient’s recovery between the groups, including post procedural pain, defeverence, returning to baseline renal function, and septic shock complications. More DJS patients presented to the emergency room with complaints related to their procedure compared to PCN patients. At first, DJS patients complained more of urinary discomfort while PCN patients had worse symptoms relating to mobility and personal hygiene, with both groups achieving similar overall QoL score. At second time point, PCN patients’ symptoms ameliorated while symptoms in the DJS group remained similar, translating to higher overall QoL score in the PCN group. Conclusions The two techniques had a distinct and significantly different impact on quality of life. Over time, PCN patients’ symptoms relieve and their QoL improve, while DJS patients’ symptoms persist. Specific tube related symptoms, and their dynamics over time, should be a major determinant in choosing the appropriate drainage method, especially when definitive treatment is not imminent. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12894-019-0510-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Provided that there is adequate laparoscopic expertise the outcome of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for central tumors is comparable to that of peripheral tumors. The main major complication in this group was late onset hematuria, which necessitated angiographic embolization. This facility should be available at centers where these advanced procedures are performed.

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