Background: Lobar emphysema in dogs and cats is caused by bronchial collapse during expiration and subsequent air trapping. Congenital causes such as bronchial cartilage defects or acquired causes such as compressive neoplastic lesions have been reported. Morbidity results from hyperinflation of the affected lung lobe and compression of adjacent thoracic structures.Objective: To describe patient characteristics and imaging findings in dogs and cats with lobar emphysema.Animals: Fourteen dogs and 3 cats with lobar emphysema diagnosed by imaging findings were retrospectively identified from veterinary referral hospital populations over a 10-year period.Methods: Cases that included thoracic radiography, thoracic computed tomography (CT), or both were included. All images were reviewed by a European College of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging diplomate. Relevant case information included signalment, clinical findings, treatment, and histopathology where available.Results: Ten of 17 (59%) patients were presented for evaluation of dyspnea and 6 (35%) for coughing. Eleven (65%) patients were <3 years of age. The right middle lung lobe was affected in 12 cases (71%) and multiple lobes were affected in 7 cases (41%). Congenital lobar emphysema was suspected in 14 cases (82%).
Conclusion and ClinicalImportance: Lung lobe hyperinflation, atelectasis of nonaffected lung lobes, mediastinal shift, and thoracic wall and diaphragmatic wall deformation were common findings. Lobar or multilobar emphysema should be considered in patients with dyspnea or coughing, particularly younger patients. Although radiography is useful, CT provides better detail. In older patients, acquired causes of bronchial compression should be considered.
A 6‐year‐old, female, neutered crossbreed and a 6.5‐year‐old, male, neutered Labrador retriever presented with oral dysphagia. Both dogs underwent investigations, including magnetic resonance imaging of the head, cytology and immunophenotyping. A diagnosis of stage Vb multicentric B‐cell lymphoma with plasmacytoid differentiation, likely Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia with bilateral trigeminal neuropathy, Horner's syndrome and paraneoplastic hypercalcaemia was obtained in the first case. In the second case, a diagnosis of stage Vb multicentric high‐grade T‐cell lymphoma with bilateral trigeminal neuropathy and suspected paraneoplastic polycythaemia was obtained. There was no evidence of central nervous system involvement in either case. There are very few previous reports of non‐idiopathic bilateral trigeminal neuropathy secondary to multicentric lymphoma, and to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report describing the phenotypic and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics.
Peter Linebaugh’sStop, Thief!aims to ‘join the alarm against neoliberalism’ by invoking the bloody history of enclosure. The essays collected in this book range in their focus from Karl Marx’s intellectual formation, to the history of the Luddites, to the privatisation of Mexicanejidos. Linebaugh’s idiosyncratic style, resisting abstraction and high theory, inscribes the nuances of the class struggle into the context of the commons. It effectively makes the case for a renewed focus on enclosure today.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.