Bilateral trigeminal neuropathy associated with multicentric lymphoma in two dogs: Clinical presentation, MRI findings and flow cytometry characteristics

Abstract

A 6‐year‐old, female, neutered crossbreed and a 6.5‐year‐old, male, neutered Labrador retriever presented with oral dysphagia. Both dogs underwent investigations, including magnetic resonance imaging of the head, cytology and immunophenotyping. A diagnosis of stage Vb multicentric B‐cell lymphoma with plasmacytoid differentiation, likely Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia with bilateral trigeminal neuropathy, Horner's syndrome and paraneoplastic hypercalcaemia was obtained in the first case. In the second case, a diagnosis of stage Vb multicentric high‐grade T‐cell lymphoma with bilateral trigeminal neuropathy and suspected paraneoplastic polycythaemia was obtained. There was no evidence of central nervous system involvement in either case. There are very few previous reports of non‐idiopathic bilateral trigeminal neuropathy secondary to multicentric lymphoma, and to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report describing the phenotypic and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics.

Neurolymphomatosis in a cat with diffuse neuromuscular signs including cranial nerve involvement

“…NL has been described in a variety of species. NL has been described in a total of four dogs 14–16 . Two of those dogs were confirmed to have bilateral trigeminal nerve involvement associated with multicentric lymphoma.…”

“…NL has been described in a total of four dogs. [14][15][16] Two of those dogs were confirmed to have bilateral trigeminal nerve involvement associated with multicentric lymphoma. Three equina cases of multicentric lymphoma with peripheral nerve involvement are reported.…”