Angiomyolipoma (AML) is a benign, histologically complex mesenchymal tumor arising mainly from the kidney and liver. The majority (80%) of these tumors arise as sporadic tumors, while 20% of them are associated with tuberous sclerosis. Extra-renal sites of AML, though rare, have been reported in literature. In this report, we describe a case of AML arising from the scrotal skin, and presenting as a scrotal mass. Although skin is the most commonly reported site after kidney and liver, scrotal skin AML presents as an intriguing mass in a region known for germ cell tumors which has been reported only once before. A 35-year-old male presented with scrotal swelling. His physical examination, laboratory investigations and imaging studies were non-specific. Excision of the lesion with subsequent histopathological examination revealed the true nature of the lesion. This lesion should be included in the differential diagnosis of scrotal masses.
Introduction: The link between stone formation and urinary tract infections (UTIs) is complicated; research has primarily focused on bacteria's potential to stimulate the formation of kidney stones. Infective urolithiasis has long been thought to be the result of a urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by bacteria, most commonly belonging to the Proteus genus. Staghorn stone, which is characterised by a massive calculus entirely occupying the renal pelvicalyceal system, is one of the most common kinds of infective lithiasis. This study can serve in identifying the risk of UTI in a patient with complex renal stones, as well as preventing and intervening early. Objective: The goal of this study was to investigate the prevalence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) among patients with complex renal stones who were sent to the Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation. Subject and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation's out-patient urology department. This study included a total of 113 patients with complex renal stones. Culture and sensitivity (C/S) tests were performed on a urine sample supplied to the SIUT microbiology lab. The C/S results were gathered and categorized as positive or negative according to the operational criteria. Results: The patients' average age was 30.83±8.29 years. There were 45 females (39.82 %) and 68 males (60.18 %). A urinary tract infection was observed in 22.12 % (25/113) of patients with complex renal stones. Conclusion: We discovered a high prevalence of urinary tract infection in individuals with complex renal stones, and we propose that patients with acute nephrolithiasis have urine cultures taken and be monitored closely. Empiric therapy should be considered for patients with pyuria, women, or those with clinical characteristics suggestive of infection if sensitivity to diagnose urinary tract infection is to be prioritized because of the potentially serious consequences of under-treatment Keywords: Nephrolithiasis, Urinary tract infections, Complex renal stones, Staghorn Stones.
Aim: To determine the frequency of stone clearance following single tract percutaneous nephrolithotomy and evaluate the reliability of the renal stone. Study Design: Descriptive study Place and duration of study: Department of Urology, SIUT, Karachi from 1st January 2020 to 31st October 2021. Methodology: One hundred and forty four patients were enrolled. Patients were classified into three groups, low, medium and high score group based on Seoul Renal Stone Complexity Scoring System. To determine the SFR, all patients were followed with ultrasound and X-ray KUB for 30th day after the surgery. Results: The patients' mean age was 34.51±12.57 years. The mean SReSC score was 4.00±1.96. There were 106(73.61%) males and 38(26.39%) patients were females. SReSC score was low in 71 patients (49.31%), medium in 45 patients (31.25%), and high in 28 patients (19.44%). 114(79.17%) patients were found to be stone-free. The SFR was greater among patients with a low S-ReSC score 98.6%. Conclusion: The S-ReCSC scoring system is valuable in predicting of the post PCNL stone free rate. Keywords: Seoul National University Renal Stone Complexity Score, Stone free rate, Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy.
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