Angiomyolipoma of the scrotum: report of a rarely seen case and review of the literature

Abstract

Angiomyolipoma (AML) is a benign, histologically complex mesenchymal tumor arising mainly from the kidney and liver. The majority (80%) of these tumors arise as sporadic tumors, while 20% of them are associated with tuberous sclerosis. Extra-renal sites of AML, though rare, have been reported in literature. In this report, we describe a case of AML arising from the scrotal skin, and presenting as a scrotal mass. Although skin is the most commonly reported site after kidney and liver, scrotal skin AML presents as an intriguing mass in a region known for germ cell tumors which has been reported only once before. A 35-year-old male presented with scrotal swelling. His physical examination, laboratory investigations and imaging studies were non-specific. Excision of the lesion with subsequent histopathological examination revealed the true nature of the lesion. This lesion should be included in the differential diagnosis of scrotal masses.

Recurrent retroperitoneal extra-renal angiomyolipoma: A case report and review of literature

“…AMLs are benign tumors that have the triad of abnormal blood vessels, muscle fibers, and mature adipose tissue [ 4 ]. They belong to the family of perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas).…”

Extrarenal angiomyolipoma of paratesticular and subcutaneous region: a report of two cases at rare sites

“…[6] PEC tumors show immunohistochemical coexpression of myogenic (smooth muscle actin) and melanocytic (HMB-45, melan A, microphthalmia transcription factor) markers. [7,8] Other markers that are commonly positive in angiomyolipomas include CD-34, and CD-68. [6] Our both cases showed the classic triphasic morphology showing admixture of mature fat, blood vessels and smooth muscle bundles.…”

“…Involvement of the tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2) which is tumor suppressor gene located on chromosome band 16p13 most accurately characterizes underlying genetic change in AML. Allelic losses at 16p13 have been found in both sporadic AMLs and those associated with TSC (7) . Regarding prognosis, the classic AML is a benign lesion and surgical excision is curative.…”

Efficacy and Safety Comparison between Drug-eluting Beads CalliSpheres and Conventional Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization in Treating Renal Angiomyolipoma Patients

“…Renal angiomyolipoma (RAML) is a hamartomatous tumor that consist of variable amounts of thickwalled blood vessels, smooth muscle, and mature adipose tissue (1). RAML is the most common type of all benign mesenchymal neoplasm of kidney with the estimated incidence 0.13% in the general population, and it has been linked to substantial morbidity because of the enhanced health awareness and widespread use of imaging techniques (2)(3)(4). Though a benign tumor, RAML may pose a grievous threat to life owing to its unique characteristics and subsequent complications including renal impairment, compression, so spontaneous rupture, retroperitoneal hemorrhage, and even death, hence aggressive interventions has become extremely essential (5)(6)(7).…”