TABLE I. Cytogenetlc and Molecular Follow-Up Study of the Patient Date of sample Karyotype (no. of mitoses) Molecular analysis Diagnosis 3/84 46 XY t(9:22)(q34;ql1)(19) ND BMT 4/86 4/87 46,XY (63) ND 3/88 46.XY (16) ND 4/89 46,XY (46)46.XY 1(9;22)(q34;qI l)t(8:14)(p22;qlI)(l) ND 10189 46,XY (10) M-bcr rearrangement 5/90 46.XY (65) M-bcr rcarrangement 1/91 46,XY 1(9:22)(q34;qI 1).1(8;14)(p22;qI 1)(20) Failure excluded with the same degree of certitude, for lack of sufficient serum and erythrocyte samples. More traditional clues to this hypothesis were, however, lacking. Three years after BMT. bone marrow karyotype revealed one cell 46,XY t(9;22)t(8; 14). Cytogenetical and molecular follow-up is summarized in Table I. Following karyotype controls were normal, but molecular analysis revealed M-bcr rearrangement by PCR method. In January, 1991, the patient showed evidence of hematological relapse and bone marrow karyotype revealed 20 cells 46.XY t(9;22). t(8;14)(p22;qlI). He received rIFNa,, treatment, with achievement of an hematological response at time of this report. We concluded that paternity is possible few years after BMT in patients who received TBI. Therefore, assumption of probable sterility in male allogeneic bone mamw recipients should be made cautiously. Although this is only an anecdotal report, we confirmed, as have others 121, that the late reappearance of even a unique leukemic cell and/or M-bcr rearrangement may preclude CML relapse. The relationship between paternity and relapse is very speculative. Nevertheless, these two events may represent different aspects of an insufficient conditioning regimen. T. FACON REFERENCESI . Sanders JE. Buckner D, Leonard JM. Sullivan KM. Witherspoon RP. Deeg J. Storb R. Thomas ED: Late effects on gonaldal function of cyclophosphamide. total body irradiation, and marrow transplantation. Transplantation 36252, 1983. 2. Hughes TP. Morgan GJ, Martial P. Goldman JM: Detection of residual leukemia after bone marrow transplant for chronic myeloid leukemia: Role of polymerase chain reaction in predicting relapse. Blood 77:874. 1991.
Objectives: The objective of this study is to review various biomaterials or implants used in ENT and their adverse effects on events that were noticed from the initial days to the present era. Methods: Relevant articles were searched from the databases. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google were used to search for the data. Results: Cochlear implant (CI) adequacy depends on biocompatibility, anti-inflammatory treatment, and reduction of fibrosis. Silicone is used in the otologic field, and its allergy is a rare cause of CI extrusion. Nitinol pistons are used in stapedotomy, and polyethylene (Teflon) grafts are used in partial ossicular replacement prosthesis (PORP) or total ossicular replacement prosthesis (TORP). Their complications include graft extrusion and residual perforation. Chronic sphenoid sinusitis is associated with Medpor porous polyethylene implants used for sellar reconstruction in skull-based surgeries. In vocal cord paralysis, injectable collagen preparations form submucosal deposits and dysphonia. Montgomery T-tubes are used in subglottic stenosis, and they produce granulation tissue. Metallic tracheostomy tubes cause the formation of secondary foreign bodies, and biofilms appear in double-lumen tracheostomy tubes. Conclusion: Even though several research studies have been carried out, still a modification of implant design is needed to minimize the complications and to further promote the quality of life of patients.
Background: Phenylephrine is a sympathomimetic, which means it acts analogous to adrenaline. Phenylephrine can be taken orally to treat nasal congestion symptoms. It is also frequently mixed with other medicines in products meant to relieve cough and cold symptoms. Given the widespread usage of phenylephrine, related drug eruptions appear to be uncommon. Case Presentation: Here we discuss a case of a 19-year-old female patient who reported to our hospital with blebs on the skin throughout her legs and torso. The drug eruption or adverse drug response was linked with itching, had a slow beginning, and progressed. Her medical history indicated that she had been taking phenylephrine 10 mg orally twice a day. On the sixth day, she experienced an adverse medication response caused by the medicine phenylephrine. Phenylephrine was stopped immediately and the other medications, such as levocetirizine, montelukast, and nasal spray, were continued. The patient was told not to use phenylephrine, either alone or in combination with FDCs. There are no other complaints. As a result, the patient was diagnosed with phenylephrine-induced eruption. Conclusion: We present this case to highlight the importance of inspiring a pharmacovigilance mindset among all clinicians providing care as a routine alert drug, phenylephrine-induced drug eruption.
Pituitary adenomas are the most common intracranial neoplasms in adults, with a prevalence of 7% to 17%. Clinically, they can be divided into 2 categories based on whether they secrete pituitary hormones: functional (secretory) and nonfunctional (nonsecretory or endocrine silent) adenomas. The biologic latency of nonfunctional (endocrine silent) adenomas makes them usually diagnosed at the stage of macro (>1 cm) and giant (>4 cm) adenomas. Because these tumors are nonfunctioning, their primary symptoms are due to mass effect, particularly on the optic chiasm and normal pituitary gland and stalk superiorly, and the cavernous sinus laterally. Visual field disturbance is the most common presenting complaint, followed by pituitary dysfunction and headaches. Surgical outcomes, therefore, are aimed at determining visual outcome in addition to rates of gross total resection, recurrence, and postoperative pituitary dysfunction. Several recent case series have documented the increased success of the endonasal endoscopic transsphenoidal approach for resecting nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas, particularly in relation to the classic open cranial and microsurgical transsphenoidal techniques.
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