Abstract. The development of green technology in the construction industry since 10 years ago is something to be proud of Malaysia. Several alternative geopolymer materials were invented in Malaysia such as fly ash, POFA, kaolin, metakaolin, and dolomite based geopolymer materials to achieve sustainable development especially in the building and construction sector. Those alternative materials are very important to replace the application of OPC, which is said to be the main cause of global warming. A review on the content of the chemical differences with the environmental impact resulting from the production of geopolymer is carried out in this study. In conclusion, fly ash based geopolymer material showed the best performance in terms of aluminosilicate content and also it is the best practice in the environmental protection applications for the moment. However, when compared with the OPC, fly ash geopolymer concrete was still able to reduce the effects of global warming potentials, but it is rather gave a negative impact on some aspects of the environment such as abiotic depletions, human toxicity, freshwater ecotoxicity, terrestrial ecotoxicity and acidification.
The application of geopolymer materials from industrial waste as binder to cast concrete contributes to a reduction of CO2 than OPC but still contribute to other environmental adverse effect such as freshwater toxicity. The leaching of alkali from geopolymer building materials increases the alkalinity or pH values of affected water body and can cause damage the biotic ecosystem and aquatic organisms. Therefore, the increasing level of alkalinity which is pH values from the leaching of geopolymer materials and OPC caused the lethality of Anabas testudineus (climbing perch) were determined. A 50mm x 50mm x 50mm dimensional fly ash geopolymer paste with 12M NaOH solution (Na2SiO3 : NaOH = 2.5:1) and a 50mm x 50mm x 50mm dimensional OPC with the ratio of (Solid : Liquid = 3 : 1) were immersed accordingly into each cylindrical containers that contained an Anabas testudineus (climbing perch) in 500ml paddy swamp water. The fishes were observed and the pH readings were calculated. The test was ended until the fish dead. Finally, the mortality limit pH value of Anabas testudineus for fly ash geopolymer paste is at pH 11.0, while OPC is at pH 11.5. The peak of alkali leaching of fly ash geoplymer paste is between 0.5 – 1.0 hours while for OPC is between 0.25 – 0.5 hours. As the conclusion, OPC gives severe adverse effects to the mortality of Anabas testudineus than fly ash geopolymer paste due to the leaching of OH- and other alkali anions. Anabas testudineus can live 10 hours in fly ash leaching media but only can live 1 hour in OPC leaching media.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.