The synthesis and comparative study on the antibacterial activity of three organotin(IV) compounds, namely dibutyltin(IV) bis-(3-hydroxybenzoate), [Bu2Sn(3-HBz)2] (7), diphenyltin(IV) bis-(3-hydroxybenzoate), [Ph2Sn(3-HBz)2] (8), and triphenyltin(IV) 3-hydroxybenzoate, [Ph3Sn(3-HBz)] (9) which were prepared by the reaction of dibutyltin(IV) oxide, [Bu2SnO] (4), diphenyltin(IV) dihydroxide, [Ph2Sn(OH)2] (5), and triphenyltin(IV) hydroxide, [Ph3SnOH] (6) with 3-hydroxybenzoic acid (3-HBz) has successfully been performed. The characterization of these compounds were done using 1H and 13C NMR, IR, UV spectroscopies and their compositions were determined based on microanalytical data. Antibacterial activity of these compounds was demonstrated at concentrations of 1.89 × 10−4, 1.81 × 10−4, and 1.72 × 10−4 M, respectively by dilution method against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Similarly, the compounds were active at concentration of 1.87 × 10−4, 1.79 × 10−4, and 1.71 × 10−4 M, respectively, against Bacillus subtilis. These activities are comparable to that of streptomycin at a concentration of 1.70 × 10−4 M as a positive control, but the halozone of compounds 7, 8, and 9 were slightly lower than that of streptomycin’s halozone. The results obtained suggest that the compounds synthesized have potential as antibacterial agents.
Artocarpus kemando Miq. is a species from the family Moraceae in Indonesia known as the Pudau plant. The purpose of this study is to isolate, characterize, modify and test the antibacterial activity of artocarpin compounds isolated from pudding plants. Stages of research include sample preparation, extraction, isolation, and purification of compounds using chromatographic techniques (TLC, VLC, and CC), characterization of compounds using spectroscopy. The isolated compound was obtained as a yellow crystal with a melting point of 185-187 °C. Based on the results of spectroscopic analysis, showed that the prenylated flavonoids had been successfully isolated, artocarpin in an amount of 35.2 mg. Modification of artocarpin with acetic anhydride produces artocarpin acetate as a yellow crystal. Artocarpin and modified compounds showed antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli.
The derivative of flavonoid compounds, artocarpin (1) and artonin M (2), were isolated from the root wood of Artocarpus altilis and from the root bark of A. kemando, respectively. Both plants originated from Lampung, Indonesia. The structure of the two compounds has been carefully determined by physical method and spectroscopy techniques of UV, IR, and NMR. The in vivo antimalarial test of artocarpin showed very good Plasmodium activity in female mice, with ED50 value of 34.88 mg/kg body weight (kgBW), whereas the in vitro antimalarial test of artonin M showed very strong activity with IC50 of 0.3 μg/mL (5.967 x 10-7 M).
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