Suhu tanah dan kelembaban tanah merupakan salah satu parameter iklim yang sangat penting pengaruhnya terhadap tanaman. Suhu tanah merupakan salah satu unsur dalam pengamatan agroklimat. Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG) dalam salah satu tugas pokok dan fungsinya adalah melakukan pegamatan suhu tanah.Pengamatan suhu tanah umumnya masih menggunakan peralatan konvensional seperti termometer tanah yang bersifat analog. Sistem pengukur suhu dan kelembaban tanah bertujuan untuk mempermudah pengamatan dan mendukung otomatisasi peralatan. Perancangan sistem menggunakan sensor SHT11, mikrokontroler ATMega 2560 sebagai pengolahan data, modul radio telemetri sebagai sistem komunikasi. Data tersimpan di SD Card dan ditampilkan di komputer. Hasil pengujian menunjukan pengukur suhu dan kelembaban tanah mampu bekerja dan menyimpan data secara otomatis serta dapat berkomunikasi sejauh 120 meter.
Bali and its surrounding is earthquake hazardous as the geographical position is flanked by two major earthquake generators (subduction zone in the Southern and back arc thrust zone in the Northern) that have different tectonic structures. In this paper,
Most studies of the tropical cyclone (TC) forecasting are focused on the track and the wind radius forecasting, even though a tropical cyclone formation alerts also developed. This paper takes a different approach and explores and forecast the TC occurrences. This study presents the development of fuzzy logic (FL) models for predicting the occurrence of TC from five primary TC genesis parameters. These parameters are low-level relative vorticity (θ), horizontal wind of upper troposphere (u), sea surface temperature (SST), equivalent potential temperature (θe), and specific humidity (q). The FL model was developed by employing the trapezoidal and triangular fuzzy membership functions for the input and output variables. The fuzzy rules were inferred from the TC genesis parameters data, with a daily calculation period from 1989 to 2018. The amount of TC genesis parameters when the cyclone occurred of the lowest, middle, and upper tercile reconstruction was used as a threshold to build FL model. The model satisfactorily simulated the occurrence of TC with comparable error measures. The result exhibits the accuracy at 0.75 (range: 0 to 1, perfect score: 1). The evidence shows that the result provides insights into the adequacy of FL methods for forecasting the TC occurrences.
An accelerometer is used in applications that require measurements of absolute or relative acceleration. Tilt table (roll table) is a flat plane whose tilt can be changed. In BMKG (Climatology and Geophysics Meteorological Agency) there are two methods to calibrate accelerometer, namely calibration using relative sine waves and absolute calibration using the media acceleration due to gravity. The tilt table is used as an absolute accelerometer calibration aid. The tilt table uses a DC motor and gear ratio as the actuator to move so that the resolution of the angle changes on the axis of the tilt table will be smaller and smoother. The tilt table is able to assist the technician in calibrating the accelerometer with minimal angle movements so that the inclination settings at the time of calibration are more precise proved by the result of the comparison. The horizontal axis correction is 2,27o and the vertical is 2,31o.
<p>Sebagai negara tropis, Indonesia khususnya Jakarta sebagai ibukota negara mempunyai resiko terjadinya banjir yang cukup tinggi. Dampak banjir akan berpengaruh pada seluruh aspek kehidupan manusia. Selama kejadian banjir, laporan situasi yang tepatwaktu dan terperinci diperlukan oleh otoritas manajemen bencana untuk menemukan dan mengidentifikasi daerah yang terkena dampak untuk menerapkan mitigasi kerusakan. Peringatan dini banjir konvensional memanfaatkan data-data pengamatan ground station seperti data curah hujan, ketinggian aliran sungai maupun data debit sungai. Tidak semua wilayah yang terdampak banjir dicover oleh jaringan sensor ground station. Penginderaan jauh menyediakan data yang tepat dan berbiaya rendah dibanding dengan pengamatan lapangan, selain itu sistem penginderaan jauh juga dapat melakukan deteksi banjir lebih tepat dan mendekati real time. Sistem penginderaan jauh pada satelit dapat memberikan banyak informasi yang diperlukan untuk menggambarkan daerah yang terkena dampak banjir, menilai kerusakan, dan input yang tepat pada pemodelan banjir sehingga dapat memprediksi kerentanan banjir di daerah yang terkena dampak banjir.</p>
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